Webpages of Tamil Electronic Library (C)K. Kalyanasundaram PROJECT MADURAI devoted to Electronic Texts of Tamil Literary Works

Abstract

Project Madurai is an open, voluntary initiative devoted to electronic texts (ETexts) of Tamil literary works. This paper provides a broad overview of the working of this project, Etexts released in the first year of its existence and Etexts that are under preparation. Looking into the future, the paper also raises some of the key issues relating to Tamil EText archives that are to be sorted out, issues such as copyrights of very ancient works, standardization of file format and distribution modes, dedicated OCR for Tamil and an international registry for Tamil Etexts.

Introduction

Electronic versions of printed texts (abbreviated as ETexts) of literary works are important pedagogic and scholarly resources. Stored in easily accessible archives, they permit preservation and wider distribution of the literary works around the globe through the means of Internet. It is an elegant approach by which millions of Tamils and Tamil lovers worldwide can access Tamil literary classics right from their home and hence maintain close contact with their culture. With the stated goals of the Tamilnadu Govt. to provide Internet Booths all over Tamilnadu, millions of Tamils living in thousands of towns can also access to the Tamil Literature. Etexts of literary works also allow quick search for phrases, words, and combinations of words in any literary work. This in turn allows one to try out notions and hypotheses with great speed and encourage large-scale searches over oeuvres, genres, and centuries, which are difficult and time-consuming with printed texts alone. Also such work can be done remotely from one's home or office. Thus they facilitate enormously the work of researchers involved in the study of evolution of language and literature. There are many projects currently active that attempts to put in electronic form ancient literary works. The following are some of the major Etext archives covering English language literature : Oxford Text Archives, On-line Book initiative, Internet Wiretap, Project Gutenberg, Alex Catalog of Etexts, Project Bartleby. Major University Libraries in the US (UVirginia, UCBerkeley, UChicago, UMichigan, UNorth Carolina) even have dedicated Etext Centers. Etexts of several thousand works are available (GB of archived files). Coverage is not restricted to English. There are growing collections for French, German, Italian, Dutch, Scandinavian, Japanese, Chinese, Greek, Hebrew, Russian languages, to mention a few. Except possibly for Sanskrit (for which there are major collections at Utah, Princeton U and Cambridge U), Etext projects for Indic Languages are only symbolic. They are mostly voluntary efforts of few individuals.

Tamil Etexts and Etext Archives

One can cite several reasons as to why Tamil Language badly needs an extensive public access Etext Archive. As an ancient language dating back to at least two thousand years, it has a very rich repertoire of literary contributions. Unfortunately, a good part of these works remained in palm-leaf manuscript level and never unpublished in printed form. 20th century Tamil literature is largely dominated by novels and associated decrease in the sale of printed copies of ancient literary works covering other domains. With dwindling market, key publishing houses such as Saiva Siddhantha Trust are dropping plans of reprinting classics. A good number of old works have not been reprinted for several decades and hence out of print.

Comprehensive collections of Tamil works ever published are now restricted to a handful of libraries both within and outside India. Due to nature of the printing paper used in olden days and poor storage conditions, many of the published books are being eaten away by insects. The burning out of the entire book collections of major Tamil library of Jaffna in a fire accident is a stark realization of major risks that Tamil faces in loosing its rich literary treasures confined to few places. The following scrolling logo that we use in the Project Madurai summarizes succinctly the benefits of an Etext archive: "kAlatAl aziyAtatu, koTutAl kuraiyAtatu, centaNalAl vEkAtatu mintokuppu. tamizh ilakkiyangkalai nanrE kAttu, ulakengum parappa inrE cEruviir maturai tamiz ilakkiya mintokuppu tittam". We all have a moral obligation to preserve our rich heritage and ensure that the future generation do have access to literary works, possibly via better means of archival and world-wide distribution.

Dr. Thomas Malten of the Univ. of Cologne in Germany possibly is the pioneer to engage in preparation of Etexts of Tamil literary works. Over a decade, he and his colleagues at their Institute of Indology and Tamil Studies prepared Etexts of practically all major works of the Sangam period. Before the advent of modern Tamil computing directly in Tamil scripts, transliterated format was the mode of writing on computers and the Etext archives of Cologne are also in this transliterated version. The Etexts themselves have not made available to the general public (till today). However WAIS-based word search of the archived texts have been available through gopher and Web servers for many years. In collaboration with Prof. George Hart of UC Berkeley, Dr. Malten is currently working on a major Project called "PONGAL 2000" through which their Etexts collections will be made available (hopefully in Tamil Script). The preparation of Etext of Naalayira divya prabhandam (in transliterated format) in early nineties by a group of volunteers led by Prof. P. Dileepan can also be cited as one of the early successful examples of Internet-based voluntary efforts in this domain.

With the availability of free Tamil fonts in the Internet starting from mid-nineties, there has been a phenomenal increase in the amount of Tamil-related materials in the Internet. Through my Tamil Electronic Library web site launched in early 1995, I have been distribute Mylai font free for use on Windows, Mac and Unix platforms. Along with the font, I distribute Etext files of small literary works, particularly of devotional type such as thirukural, kandar shasti kavacham, auvaiyar works, select collections of thevaram, etc. Through postings in the soc.culture.tamil (USENET) and tamil.net (Email discussion list), many expressed the desire to start a collective effort, targeting ancient literary classics. Based on recent calls in tamil.net, this initiative officially took off on the Pongal day of Jan. 14, 1998! After some collective discussions, "Project Madurai" (PM) was taken up as the name to describe this Internet-based Voluntary Initiative. (The abbreviation PM is used in rest of this paper to refer to Project Madurai.). Madurai has been a citadel of Tamil culture. It was Pandyan Kings during their long reigning period, who set up Sangams (academies) for the encouragement and criticism of Tamil Studies. Hence it is appropriate that an Initiative devoted to preserving and distributing Tamil literary works in electronic form is named after this historic city.

Modus Operandi of Project Madurai

Project Madurai is based on voluntary cooperation between lovers living in several countries. It is planned to use both direct text input and OCR of scanned images to generate Etexts. In the absence of a dedicated OCR, currently Etext preparations are through direct input by the PM volunteers. (Univ of Chicago recently opted to microfilm the entire 50000+ book collections of Raja Muthiah Library of Chennai. Using a dedicated OCR system, it should be possible to generate the Etexts from such microfilms in a short span of time!) The Etexts are subsequently proof-read by some other PM volunteer before they are archived and released to the general public. Completed Etexts are made available through a dedicated web site << www.tamil.net/projectmadurai/ >> hosted by Asia Pacific Internet Company (APIC) of Sydney, Australia. The Etexts are distributed in plain text format and also as formatted texts in the form of Web pages (HTML version). Portable Document Format (PDF) Distribution is becoming increasingly popular as a mode of distribution of formatted texts in the Internet. Free Acrobat readers are available to read pdf files in all commonly used computer platforms. Distribution of Tamil Etexts in pdf format has just begun for select works. When the Etext collections become substantial, it is planned to make them available in CD-ROMs.

As a grass-root Internet-based effort devoted to free distribution of Tamil Etexts, PM belongs to any one committed to the stated goals of the Project. Entire coordination and exchange of files are through standard Email. It suffices to have a simple Email connection for anyone to be engaged in PM activities and there is no need to have Internet connection. Operating rule are set by the volunteers themselves. Project execution and evolution are discussed routinely through a dedicated Email discussion list <>. The project is neither commercial nor governmental.

Considerable flexibility is given to the volunteers in the choice of the work he/she chooses to do text input and also the font encoding format. The goal is to let the volunteers work in an environment (font and computer) he/she feels comfortable with and the work where there is some personal interest. Very minimal constraints if any will be imposed on the volunteers who will do the major task of keying in of texts. Appropriate acknowledge is given to the volunteers involved in the web pages announcing the availability of a given Etext and also in source files. In addition to the preparation of Etexts, PM volunteers are also involved in related activities such as development of a dedicated OCR for Tamil, softwares for inter-conversion to other font encoding formats etc. Through these converters it is possible to provide Etexts in at least five different font encoding formats (typewriter, romanized/transliterated, Adhawin, Inaimathi/Anjal and Mylai). This renders the access of Etexts to a much larger Internet user community.

Font Encoding for Etexts

In Project Madurai, we are committed to using an internationally recognized font encoding standard for the archives. In the first year, we chose to work with following two font formats for primary file archiving: Inaimathi/Anjal and Mylai. The reasons for limiting the choice to these formats were the following: a) Over 90% of the Tamils worldwide use one of these; b) fonts are available free for use on all of the three major computer platforms - windows, Macintosh and UNIX. Anyone who uses these computers can work in all of these formats; and c) converters such as Adhawin and Anjal are available that work reliably to go between these formats and to several others mentioned above. So we can provide equivalent form of Etexts in typewriter and romanized/transliterated formats to interested parties. An important added component to the Etext is an introductory note (presented as a Web page) that sets the background for the work and author. It is written in a simple style so as to be easily understood by native Tamils and also by language lovers/researchers.

Selection of Works for Etext Archives

Project Madurai is deeply committed to respect Copyright protection given to authors of literary works. Even though the copyright rules vary from country to country, in most of the Etext archiving projects, an elapse of at least 75 years after the life span of the author is considered a safe criterion before the work can be considered to be in public domain. (In the USA, Sonny Bonno Bill approved by the Congress late in 1998 has extended the author protection to a total of 95 years). So, as a rule of thump, we can consider works of authors of 19th century and earlier dates to be in public domain. Selection of works for Etext preparation is primarily dictated by this date constraint. Hence is the tilt for archiving ancient literary classics. Another reason for going for ancient literature is that most of them are out of print and stand the risk of getting lost to the world.
As regards the literary works of the 20th Century, efforts are being made to contact the authors (or their legal heirs) or publishers to obtain written consent for the work to be distributed in electronic form free on the Internet. Through special arrangements with the nearest kins, Tamilnadu Govt. has placed "in public domain" the works of select recent authors - Bharathiyar, Bharathidaasan, Annadurai and others. Preference is given to coverage of works of these authors in the first phase of the project. Some Etext archives do accept shareware works where the user has to pay a fixed amount to download a copy. Since this will involve administrative bureaucracy, we will not go for shareware option, at least in the initial stages. With the above broad guidelines, target works for Etext preparation are chosen. Present choices can be described by the following four categories:

I. Works of popular appeal and devotional literature:

thirukuRaL of thiruvaLLuvar, works of auvaiyAr (AthicUdi, kondRai vEnthan, nalvazhi, mUthurai, thiruppuhaz of aruNagiri nAthar, thiruvarutpa of rAmalinga adigaL, kandar alangAram, kandar anubhoothi, kandar shasti kavacham, kanthar kavacham, vEl virutham,., songs of cithars such as pattinathAr, songs of thAyumAnavar, ciRappurANam of umarup pulavar, ...

II. Great anthologies of:

works of sangam period (ettuththohai, paththuppAttu, pathinenkiizkaNanku), twelve thirumarais, divya prabhandam, saiva siddhantha sastras, grammar works and their commentaries, kamba rAmAyaNam, and Epics such as cilappathikAram, maNimEkalai,..... Univ. of Cologne Archives has many of these works in transliterated format. Current priority here is to go for works that are not already covered there.

III. Works of 20th Century Authors:

A. Authors whose literary works are already in public domain Tamilnadu Govt. has already placed the literary works of a select list of authors in public domain. An attempt will be made to put in electronic form the works of these authors: C. Subramania BharathiyAr, BharathidAsan, maRaimalai adigaL, Pattukottai Kalyanasundaram and C.N. Annadurai. Very recently Tamilnadu Govt. has announced plans to place in public domain the works of some more distinguished authors such as Kalki Krishnamurthy, Thiru Vi. Ka, Yogi Suddhanantha Bharathi,.... Through the initiatives of one of our volunteer Mrs. Uma Shankar, we have obtained permission to place the works of Kaviyogi Maharishi Suddhanantha Bharathiyar in the Internet.

B. Recent Authors who give permission: 20th Century Literature is largely dominated by novels. One of our PM volunteers Mr. Gandhi Kannadhasan has been lobbying with leading novelists, encouraging them to place at least one or two representative novels in the electronic archives. The following is a short list of modern authors who have expressed willingness to participate in this process of putting select works in Etext form: Kannadhasan (through legal heirs), Akilan, Naa Paarthasarathy (through legal heirs), Prabanjan, Indumathi, Rajam Krishnan, Indira Parthasarathi, Malan and Jeyakanthan.

IV. Translations and Commentaries of Literary Works:

Understanding of our literary works are assisted by Commentaries and Translations in English and other world languages. There are many classics that are in "public domain". The English translations of Rev. G.U. Pope (1828-1908) of thirukuRaL and thiruvAcakam, parimElazhakar Urai of thirukuRaL are examples. Project Madurai would attempt to provide authentic Etext versions of these ancient but classic works. Arrangements are being made to put the English translation of thirukuRaL and other literary works of Yogi Suddhantha Bharathi.

V.Literary works of Authors of Srilankan Origin:

Jaffna Library has been the major resource center for the literary works of authors of Sri Lankan Origin. Unfortunately fire at this renowned library destroyed all the precious book collections. Majority of authors of sri lankan origin are also displaced from their homeland. There is a major risk of loosing all the works of sri lankan origin. Hence Project Madurai will make an effort to bring in electronic form whatever work we can have access. Thanks to the initiatives of Mr. Padmanabha Iyer of London and Dr. N. Kannan of Germany we have already a couple of anthologies ready for release.

Worldwide Network of Volunteers

When the project was launched a year ago, we started with a small group of about 25 volunteers interested to get involved. In one year the ring of volunteers has expanded to count 80 and they all come from four corners of the world: U.S.A [from the states of ca, nm, tx, ka, il, in, ga, oh, vi, ny, nj and nh], Canada [states of quebec and regina], Western Europe [London (UK), Cork(I), Kiel (G), Lausanne (CH), Helsinki (Fi)], Gulf States [Riyadh, Abu Dhabi], India [from Chennai, Trichi, Katpadi, Coimbatore, Bangalore, Bombay, Delhi, Baroda, Kanpur], Sri Lanka [Colombo], Southeast Asia [Singapore, Malaysia] and Australasia [from cities of Sydney, Wellington and Auckland].

Etexts Completed as of Date

The following is a list of works for which we have Etext preparation nearly complete (many of them indicated by * already released to the public) thirukuRaL*, auvaiyar works*, thiruvaachagam*, thirumanthiram*, naalayira divya prabhandam*, thaNNir dEsam* of Vairamuthu, Bharathiyar songs-part I*, dEsika prabhandam* of vEdAntha dEsikar, Bharathiyar Tamil translation and commentary* of Bhagavad Gita, naLaveNbA* of pukazhendip pulavar, nAladiyAr*, 9th thirumurai (thiruisappas), 11th thirumurai covering works of kAraikAl ammaiyar, nakkiirar, kapilar, nambi AndAr nambi, English translation of ThirukuRaL by Yogi Suddhanantha Bharathi*, anthology of contemporary literature of Tamil immigrants (particularly those of Sri Lankan origin), Holy Bible - New Testament in Tamil (part I)*, thiruvarutpa of rAmalinga adigaL and pathiRRupaththu

Etexts in Preparation

The following is a short list of Tamil works that are currently under preparation: paadalkaL of ciddhars pattinathAr, pathirakiri and others, works of Bharathidaasan, thiruppuhaz of aruNagiri, ciRappurANam of umarup pulavar, English translation of thiruvAcakam by Rev GU Pope, Tamil commentary of thirukuRaL by parimElazhakar, nAttuppurap pAdalkaL /Tamil folk songs, kamba rAmAyaNam, Tamil translation of Kalevala (great Finnish Epic) by UthayaNan, Modern Tamil Writings of Sri Lankan Authors in Exile, Bharatha Shakti Maha Kaviyam and other works of Yogi Suddhanantha Bharathi, select works of Kavinjar Kannadhasan, Thampikki aNNAvin kadithangaL of CN Annathurai, cilappathikaaram,...

General Issues Related to Tamil Etext Archives

As part of this presentation, I would like to discuss some important issues related to Tamil Etext Archives hoping to find some response from the participants of this conference and also from the Tamilnadu Govt. First issue is related to the question of Copyrights: Which of the ancient works are in the public domain? It was mentioned earlier that Berne Convention of Copyrights signed by many countries (including India) confers protection to authors (and their legal heirs) to 75 years after the passing away of the author. In USA Sonny Bonno Bill has extended this limit to 95 years. As per this reference, works of authors who left us by the beginning of this 20th C are in public domain. In Tamil, there have been contradictory reports that even works of Sangam period are still under copyright. Promoters of Etext archives are very much concerned by claims of this kind and have delayed public release of Etexts for several years. Herein I would like to propose some suggestions, particularly to works that date to 19th Century or earlier periods. I must emphasis that there are purely my personal views and I am not a legal expert to make definitive statements.

A significant number of works dating back to several centuries were never published in the printed book form that we are familiar with. Most of them were at the palm-leaf manuscript level. Only in recent times there have been systematic efforts to publish these very ancient works of Tamil. Thamizh thaththA U.Ve. CuvAminAtha Aiyar was a pioneer in this area and has been responsible for several critically edited versions of Sangam period works. Clearly such critically edited, recent publications of ancient works are subject to copyright, even if the original work may date several hundred/thousand years back. Maiden publications of hitherto unpublished ones (for e.g. works that are still at the palm-leaf manuscript stage) are also subject to copyright by the recent editor and publisher. Institute of Asian Studies, for example, is an Institution committed to publishing ancient works from palm-leaves. Recent commentaries of ancient works are also subject to copyright, so also the recent translations to English and other languages of ancient works. On the other hand, very ancient works such as thirukuRaL that have been repeatedly reprinted by several publishers during this century are possibly in public domain. There should also be no constraints for someone to extract the source/moolam verses of ancient works from recent commentaries and public the original work alone in Etext form. The tasks of promoters of Etext Archives will be largely facilitated if the Tamilnadu Govt. appoints a Special Experts Committee to look into this question. Working along with the Book Publishers Association of Tamilnadu, they make definitive statements on which of the ancient works are indeed in public domain for anyone to freely reproduce electronically or otherwise.

A second important issue is Standardization of the file/data format in Etext Archives. There are several isolated efforts currently underway all aimed at archiving works electronically. In the absence of any clear standards, each archive is using its own font-encoding and file storage formats. Institutions such as Univ of Pennsylvania interested in Linguistics are interested in "Corpus" text where every word in the Etext is tagged. In view of the growing popularity of the Web, formatted texts are made available in HTML formats. Librarians, on the other hand prefer that such formatted texts are in SGML format. Efficient working of Internet-based search engines require some standardisation implemented in these archives.

Transliteration scheme is another area where standardization needs to be enforced. Etext archives of works in transliterated format is still of interest to researchers of non-Tamil origin. On the formats for transliteration, the classical scheme using diacritical markers (dots and bars below and above) is used by Library of Congress in its cataloguing and also by the Inst. of Asian Studies in their Lexicon and publications of palm-leaf manuscripts. In view of the practical problems in using such a scheme in electronic communication/exchanges, alternate schemes based on plain ASCII characters (with or without upper case characters) are being used increasingly. At least five different popular schemes in use. Here again the Special Committee of the Tamilnadu Govt. can play important role in setting standards.

A dedicated Optical Character Recognition (OCR) package for will assist enormously the rapid processing of scanned images (even those from microfilms) and generation of Etexts. Currently we do not have any such OCR software for Tamil. Urgent need for such an OCR was recognized in the last TamilNet'97 conference held in Singapore but till date, there has not been any systematic follow up. In PM, we have a group of volunteers (all computer software professionals) are working to develop one such OCR package and make it available free to the general public. With growing interest to Tamil Computing, it is likely that commercial softwares will appear soon in the market. Voluntary efforts such as that of PM can benefit enormously if a polyvalent OCR is made available free.

Cooperation and coordination between all individual and institutional efforts engaged in Etext preparation are necessary to avoid duplication in the preparation of Etexts. A central/international registry of Etexts (public access or otherwise) can help the cause. A central/international registry of new projects of Etexts being undertaken (where anyone can find out if someone is working on a given work) is also helpful in coordination. During its first year, in Project Madurai we have found many committed lovers who are willing to get involved in preparation of Etexts of works. Most of them are based overseas and they do not have access to a printed copy of the work to start the text input process. A Chennai-based Book Bank, for example, can help the PM cause and speed up the process.

Concluding Remarks

Project Madurai is a concrete example of how like-minded souls can work collectively for a common cause even if they are physically located in four different corners of the world. Email communication is a marvelous gift of the electronic age and we are successfully using it. For many of us, engagement in PM efforts rekindled our interest in Language and its rich Literature (culture in general). Millions of Tamils living outside India do have access to Internet already and many of them are thrilled by the fact that they can go to Internet and download Etext files of Literary Classics. Particularly for those placed in remote cities/countries far off where they cannot easily get printed copies of books even if they want to, Etext archives are wonderful gifts. In this aspect, Etext projects such as PM do fulfill their stated goal of promoting preservation of Culture worldwide. In conclusion, I would like to record my deep appreciation and gratitude to all the PM volunteers for their enthusiasm and hard work.

Interested to be a volunteer?

If you are interested to participate in the Project Madurai (you can contribute in several ways), please send a note to Dr. K. Kalyanasundaram or Dr. Kumar Mallikarjunan by email.

situation in Sri Lanka that led the author to write this series of 33 articles PM0059 - vivEka cintAmaNi (author unknown! )
PM0060 - kArAnai vizupparaiyan maTal of kaviccakravarti jeyangkoNTAr.
PM0061 - pazaya rAmAyaNam. (Remnants of Tamil works that have been lost over the years - I).
PM0062 - vaLaiyApati (author unknown) (72 verses of one of the five Tamil Epic that are available today - II).
PM0063 - porunar ARRuppaTai of muTattAmakkaNNiyAr (second one of the "pattuppATTu" anthology)
PM0064 - cirupANARRuppaTai" of iTaikkazi nATTu nallUr nattattanAr (one of the "pattuppATTu" anthology)
PM0065 - akangkaLum mukangkaLum - kavitait tokuppu (by cu. vilvaretinam) - "Tamil Works of Contemporary Sri Lankan Authors":
PM0066 - aziyA nizalkaL: oru kavitait tokuppu (by M.A. Nuhman) - "Tamil Works of Contemporary Sri Lankan Authors"
PM0067 - "tirumurukARRuppaTai" of of maturaik kaNakkAyanAr makanAr nakkiirar - (one of the "pattuppATTu" anthology)
PM0068 - irupA irupatu (aruNanti civAcAriyAr) & uNmai viLakkam (manavAcakang kaTantAr),
two key works of the 14-works anthology known as "Saiva Siddanta Sastras"
PM0069 - perumpANARRuppaTai of kaTiyalUr uruttirangkaNNanAr (one of the "pattuppATTu" anthology)
PM0070 - neTunalvATai of maturaik kaNakkAyanAr makanAr nakkiirar (one of the "pattuppATTu" anthology)
PM0071 - maturaikkAnjci" of mangkuTi marutanAr (one of the "pattuppATTu" anthology)
PM0072 - Namakkal Kavinjar V. Ramalingam Pillai (1888-1972) - pATalkaL - part I
PM0073 - kuRincippATTu of kapilar (one of the "pattuppATTu" anthology)
PM0074 - pathirakiriyar's meynjnjAnap pulampal
PM0075 - apirAmi pattar's thirukkadavUr prapanthangkaL.
PM0076 - cittar pATalkaL part I
PM0077 - paTTinappAlai of kaTiyalUr uruttirang kaNNanAr (one of the "pattuppATTu" anthology)
PM0078 - malaipaTukaTAm of perungkaucikanAr (one of the "pattuppATTu" anthology)
PM0079 - Namakkal Kavinjar V. Ramalingam Pillai (1888-1972) - pATalkaL - part II
PM0080 - civanjAnapOtam by meykaNTa tEvar
PM0081 - caiva cittAnta work: tiruvarutpayan of umApati civAccAriyAr
PM0082 - Tamil Works of Contemporary Sri Lankan Authors - IV - mOkavAcal - a collection of short stories by ranjcakumAr
PM0083 - cittar pATalkaL part II, - the songs of paTTinattup piLLaiyAr (aka paTTinattAr)
PM0084 - pAvEntar pAratitAcan - tamiziyakkam
PM0085 - Namakkal Kavinjar V. Ramalingam Pillai (1888-1972) - pATalkaL - part III (songs 181-251)
PM0086-"iruNTa viiTu" by pAvEntar pAratitAcan
PM0087-paripATal and paripATal tiraTTu (work of eTTuttokai anthology)
PM0088-Tamil Works of Contemporary Sri Lankan Authors": V
Collection of 82 poems of 31 authors, entitled "maraNattul vAzvOm"
PM0089-"kutumpa viLakku" by pAvEntar pAratitAcan
PM0090-"kAthal ninaivukal" by pAvEntar pAratitAcan

2001 Releases
PM0091-"pAnjcAli capatam" by cuppiramaNiya pAratiyAr
PM0092-"tiru icaippA verses of 11th tirumuRai" (several authors)
PM0093-"icai amutu" by pAvEntar pAratitAcan
PM0094-"tiruvAcakam - english translation" -part I, by Rev. G.U. Pope
PM0095-"cantirikaiyin katai-short story, by cuppiramaNiya pAratiyAr
PM0096-Tamil Works of Contemporary Sri Lankan Authors": VI -- "mukam koL - collection of short verses, by K.P. Aravindan
PM0097-Tamil Works of Contemporary Sri Lankan Authors": VII "ini oru vaikarai, by K.P. Aravindan
PM0098-Tamil Works of Contemporary Sri Lankan Authors": VIII -- "kanavin mIti, by K.P. Aravindan
PM0099-Tamil Works of Contemporary Sri Lankan Authors": IX - kaRRuvazik kirAmam by S. Vilvaratinam
PM0100-tolkAppiyam of tolkappiyar
PM0101-nEminAtam, a work on Tamil grammar
PM0102-Tamil Works of Contemporary Sri Lankan Authors": X -- oppiyal ilakkiyam (a study of comparative literature by K. Kailasapathy
PM0103-palapaTTai cokkanAta pulavarin azakar kiLLai viTu tUtu
PM0104-pANTiyan paricu by pAventar pAratitAcan
PM0105-maNonmaNIyam, a poetical play by pi. cuntaram piLLai
PM0106-tirukkuRRAlak kuRavanjci, tirukkuRRAla mAlai and tirukkuRRAla UTAl of tirikUTarAcappa kavirAyar ; tirukkuRRAlappatikam, tirukkuRumpalAppatikam of tirunjAna campantar
PM0107-Tamil Works of Contemporary Sri Lankan Authors": XI
aRiyappaTAtavarkaL ninaivAka by A. jesurajah
PM0108-ilainjar ilakkiyam by pAventar pAratitAcan
PM0109-tirumalaiANTavar kuRavanjci (author unknown)
PM0110-kuruntokai (author unknown)
PM0111-cilappatikAram - part 2 (maturaik kANTam, vanchik kANTam)
PM0112-kOtai nAcciyAr tAlATTu (author unknown)
PM0113-vaTamalai nikanTu of Iswara Bharathi
PM0114-uNmai neRi viLakkam & pORRip pqRoTai of Umapati Sivam
PM0115-vinA veNpA, koTikkavi, nenjcu viTu tUtu & civappirakAcam of Umapathi Sivam
PM0116-mUvarulA (vikkirama cOzanulA, kulOttungka cOzanulA, irAcarAca cOzanulA) of oTTakkUttar
PM0117-Tamil Works of Contemporary Sri Lankan Authors": XII - irupatAm nURRANTu Izattuttamiz ilakkiyam by C. Maunaguru, Mau. Chitralega & M. A. Nuhman
PM0118-cUTAmaNi nikaNTu of maNTala puruTar
PM0119-"baratha sEnApathiyam" (author unknown)
PM0120- saiva siddantha sastra series- VI -- "tiruvuntiyAr" of uyyavantatEva nAyanAr and "tirukkaLiRRuppaTiyAr" (author unknown)
PM0121-"muttoLLAyiram" (author unknown)
PM0122-Tamil Works of Contemporary Sri Lankan Authors": XIII -- "kAkam kalaitta kanavu" by cOlaikkiLi (U. L. M. Atheek)
PM0123-"kalingkattupparaNi" of ceyangkoNTAr
PM0124-tiruvarutpA of rAmalinga aTikaL- tirumuRai -III (verses 1959 - 2570)

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