Alkman
Alkman appears to have come from Sardis in Lydia and was active in the seventh century BCE. His works were arranged into six books. This included the partheneia, hymns and prooimia. The language used in strongly Doric, with Aiolic and Homeric influences. One of the most important outcomes of Alkman's work is his portrayal of Spartan women.
'Do not judge the man by the gravestone. The tomb you see is small but holds the bones of a great man. For know that this is Alkman, supreme artist of the Lakonian lyre, who commanded the nine Muses. And twin continents dispute whether he is of Lydia or Lakonia, for the mothers of a singer are many.'
--Antipatros of Thessalonike
His Poetry
-
I know the tunes,
of every bird,
but I, Alkman, found my words and song
in the tongue
of the strident partridge.
Now chasms and mountain summits are asleep,
and sierra slopes and ravines;
creeping things nourished by the dark earth,
hillside beasts and generations of bees,
monsters in the depths of the purple brine,
and also tribes of flying birds.
- Often at night along the mountain tops,
when gods are reveling by torch light,
you came carrying a great jar
(like the one shepherds use) but of heavy gold.
You filled the jar with milk
drawn from a lioness, and made a great cheese
unbroken and gleaming white.
- The dappled worm is the murderer
within the eyes of blooming vines.
- Dew, a child of moon and air,
causes the deergrass to grow.
- THE WHOLE CHOIR
There is a vengeance from the gods,
but happy is the man who weaves
the fabric of his days with peace,
and without tears.
AGIDO'S HALF-CHOIR
But I sing
of Agido's light. I see her
like the sun who shines on us
by order of Agido
HAGESICHORA'S HALF-CHOIR
Our splendid
leader will not have us praise
or abuse her, for her brilliance
is as if among a herd of cattle
one had set a champion racehorse,
sinewy, strong, with thunder-ringing hooves,
a creature from a dream with wings.
Do you see? The horse is Venetian,
and the mane of our cousin
Hagesichora is a blossom
of purest gold,
and below is her silver face.
Can I tell you this more clearly?
There you have Hagesichora.
In beauty she may be second to Agido
but she will run like a
Skythian horse against a Lydian racer.
For as we carry Orthria's plow
so the Pleiades of dawn will rise
and strive against us
like the burning star of Sirios
through the ambrosial night.
AGIDO'S HALF-CHOIR
All our wealth of purple dye
or the dappled snake of full gold
about our wrist or our Lydian
wimple that is the sweet glory
of all these tender-eyed girls,
no, nothing will keep them off.
Not Nanno's soft braids,
nor Areta's godlike beauty,
neither Thylakis nor Kleesisera.
HAGESICHORA'S HALF-CHOIR
You need not go to Ainesimbrota
and say: let Astaphis be mine,
have Philylla look my way,
and Damareta and darling Ianthemis.
For Hagesichora is our saviour.
Is Hagesichora of the lovely
ankles not right here with us?
AGIDO'S HALF-CHOIR
Yes, she waits by our Agido
and commends our ceremonies.
O gods, receive our prayers,
for you determine everything
accomplished. My choir leader,
I tell you I a girl shrieked
in vain like an owl
from the roof tops.
HAGESICHORA'S HALF-CHOIR
But my great wish
is to please the Lady of the Dawn
who has healed our sore wounds.
Only Hagesichora could give
her girls the peace they desired.
THE WHOLE CHOIR
A great chariot simply follows
the course of its trace-horse;
in a vessel all must swiftly
heed the shouting of the helmsman,
so our combined choir may not
sing more sweetly than the Sirens--
for they are gods-- but how we sang,
we ten girls with even one away!
And her song is like a swan
by the Xanthos river, and she
with the splendor of her blond hair.
- The girls fell to their knees, helpless--
like small birds under a hovering hawk.
- The Rhipe mountain flowering with forests
is the breast of black-flowing night.
- Kastor and noble Polydeukes, you trainers
of swift stallions, are extraordinary horsemen.
- I pray to you, Hera,
and bring you as my offering
a delicate garland of marigold
and galingale.
- He is no boorish farmer or
a clumsy pigkeeper or even
a sheep-chaser. He was not born
in Thessaly or Erysiche
but in Sardis on the high hills.
- Aphrodite commands and love rains
upon my body and melts my heart
for Megalostrata to whom the sweet
Muse gave the gift of poetry. O
happy girl of the goldenrod hair!
- Get him that enormous caldron on the tripod
so he can bloat his stomach with every food.
It is cool but soon will boil with good soup
which gobbler Alkman likes sparkling hot,
especially in the cold season of the solstice.
The glutton Alkman abstains from fancy dishes
but like the demos eats a plain massive meal.
- Seven couches and as many tables
spread with poppy cakes and linseed and
sesame, and among the wooden flagons
were honey cakes for the young.
- Three seasons were created: summer
and winter and a third in autumn,
and even a fourth--the spring--
when the fields are heavy with crops
and a glutton still goes hungry.
- I know the wine from the Five Hills,
wine from Oinos or Denthiades
or Karystos or wine of Ongola
or Stathmi--unboiled, unfired wines
of fine aroma.
- She wears a gold chain
made of slender petals
of purple kalcha flowers.
- Narrow is our way of life
and necessity is pitiless.
- The guilty man sat
among pleasant things under a hanging rock,
and from his chair he looked
and then the vision faded.
- You are from the beautiful island Kypros
and from the sea-surrounded city Paphos.
- It is not Aphrodite but riotous Eros who is
playing like a child,
scuttling down across the tips of meadow ferns.
Please do not crush them.
- I am your servant, Artemis.
You draw your long bow at night,
clothed in the skins of wild beasts.
Now hear our beautiful singing.
- O girls of honey-sweet voices, my limbs are weak.
They will not bear me. I wish, ah, I were
a carefree kingfisher flying over the flowering foam
with the halcyons--sea-blue holy birds of spring.
- Experience and Suffering
are the mother of wisdom.
- Muse of the round sky, daughter of Zeus,
I sing my poems loud and clear to you.
- Bright-shining.
- The calm sea falls dumbly
on the shore
among a tangle of seaweed.