Berber
- The Berber or Amazigh peoples
live in Northern Africa throughout the Mediterranian
coast, the Sahara and Sahel. Before the arrival of Arabs,
this was a Berber world. The Amazigh territory, this
broad homeland, is also referred as Tamazgha. Nowadays,
there are great groups in Morocco (as well as in Ceuta and
Melilla) and
Algeria, important communitites in Mali, Niger
and Lybia, and smaller groups in Tunis, Mauritania,
Burkina-Faso and Egypt (Siwa oasis). The Tuareg or
Imajaghen of the desert are one branch of the Amazigh.
There may be around 20 million speakers of Tamazight or
Berber, a broad group of dialects or languages, that can
be considered in an unitary way. But no country does
recognise this indigenous language. Islamic states north
of the Sahara are considered Arab and only Arab. This
idea is extended among many Amazigh as well, who consider
themselves to be "Arabs", although ethnic consciousness
is also high among many.
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Tamazight
- Berbereak, Amazigh herria, Ipar
Afrikako (Mediterranioko kostaldeko, Saharako eta
Saheleko parte handi bateko) benetako jatorrizko
biztanleak dira. Arabiarrak iritsi aurretik, hau mundu
Berberea zen, eurek Tamazgha deitzen duten lurraldea.
Gaur egunean, talde handiak bizi dira Aljerian eta Marokon (baita Ceuta eta
Melillan), apur bat
txikiagoak Mali, Niger eta Libian eta talde bakanagoak
Tunisia, Mauritania, Burkina-Faso eta Egipton (Siwa
oasian). Basamortuko Tuareg edo Imajaghen herria Amazigh
munduko adar bat gehiago dira. Berbereen Tamazight
hizkuntzak 20 milioi hiztun ere izan ditzake, mintzaira
multzo zabal batean, nahiz eta batasun baten parte direla
esan daitekeen. Hizkuntza honek ez du ezagupen ofizialik
inon: herrialde hauetarik gehienak Arabiarrak omen dira,
eta kitto. Zapalkuntzaren aitzakia edo gezur hau Berbere
askoren artean ere zabaldu da, beren burua "Arabiartzat"
jotzen baitute.
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