THIS SITE IS UNDER CONSTRUCTION. I am presently adding more words in, and have now gotten down to `spoon'. There are also many words which have been left out because I just haven't looked them up yet. Suggestions and corrections would be greatly appreciated!! Please send them to LisaStar@[bug]earthling.net (please include "elvish" or something in the subject line so I don't mistake it for spam) and remove the bug.
This is the Basic English Lexicon, an alphabetized list of 850 words of Basic English, with Quenya translations added in. This version of the Basic English list is rather old-fashioned, dating from around the turn of the last century, since it includes words for carriage, train and steam but not car. The spelling of the Quenya words has been regularised here only from q to qu (for early Quenya words) and c to k for later Quenya words. Any other changes are explained.
It is a peculiarity of modern English that the same word can be used as a noun, an adjective or a verb for many common words. However this apparent simplicity is misleading since it requires learning a complex system of syntax which is difficult for non-native speakers. Nevertheless, many roots of Quenya words can also be used to form alternate parts of speech using types of formation such as: noun -e, abstract noun -ie; adjective -ea; verb -a, -ta. Such forms are often not the standard form of the words in Quenya but would be easily understood by native speakers of the language and especially by non-native speakers who have studied the same word list, which brings us to the chief value of a "Basic" wordlist. If students can begin by memorizing the words on this list, and if more advanced speakers can try to limit their vocabulary to this list when speaking with beginning students, it will make communication much easier at the start, thus encouraging students and limiting their frustration at the beginning. Of course, many of our favorite words in Elvish are not on this list, but everyone already knows them!
The other use of this wordlist is to provide a test of the range of vocabulary which Tolkien produced for his invented languages. As you will see the vocabulary is quite extensive and nearly complete, but a few words will have to be coined to complete this list. These words are marked with a double asterisk, and an explanation of how they were coined is provided. The other words will be referenced except for those that appear in such universally well-known places as the names of the tengwar in the Appendix to the Lord of the Rings. The two references that you will see most often are QE, for Quenya in Etymologies (see Lost Road and Other Writings) which is a middle to late form of Quenya; and Qq, material from the Qenyaqetsa, published in Parma Eldalamberon, an early form of the Quenya language. Others may be found in the complete lists of materials on this pages, that is the Linguistic Bibliography (mostly books by Tolkien), and the List of Unpublished and Slightly Published Manuscripts.
The following special letters are used in this file:
ÁÉÍÓÚáéíóú (that's capital and lower case vowels with an accent acute ')
ë (e with diaresis (double dots))
ÂÊÎÔÛâêîôû (capital and lower case vowels with circumflex ^)
Ŷŷ (that's upper and lower case Y with a circumflex)
ñ, that should be n with a tilde.
If you see something different, fix your browser!
a, (indef. article), not used in Quenya, just leave it out
able, turu- 'can, is able' pa.t. túre (strong verb)
about, around, rimni, (adv.)
account, quenta (n.)
acid, < vinegar **naksamiro < naksa `sour' + miru `wine' both Qq
across, arta, QL
act, karma Qq
addition, **aro < aru `in addition' (adv.) Qq
adjustment, change, varta, Qa
advertisement, ('to turn the attention toward, cause to look toward') AD-querya-; **arquerya `advertise'; **arquernie `advertisement'
after, **apa < Apanónar `After-born' WJ:386
again, ata (more typically a prefix is used such as at(a)- on nouns, and en- on verbs)
against, hara with allative `opposite' (e.g. hara marenna `against the house') Qq; based on Gg:47
agreement, **inquendina > **inqua-indina 'like-minded' (in agreement), < inqa `same' Qq + indo 'mind, heart' + ina, (past participle ending used as adj.) or inqendesse 'at the same mind' (indo/óre/sanar)
air, vilya, LotR
all, ilya, LotR
almost, close to, by, tange (adv. adj.) Qq
among, imíca, HM
amount, **nótie, nóte (also **tastie, Qq, see Gg tast `amount')
amusement, meren(de) `feast, festival'
and, ar
angle, nasta QE
angry, rúkima `terrible' WJ:415, usage based on Gg gruith, and S rûth
animal, **kelva < kelvar, Silm.
answer, **nan-quetta < S. dangweth; QE, PM:395
ant, **hosserukinke `army bug' using **rukinke for `bug, any sort of little creepy crawly' based on < ruk- `creature of horror' + -inke, a diminutive, so `bogey, bug', and hosse `army'
any
apparatus
apple, marin Qq, or orva PE13
approval
arch ranta Qq
argument
arm, ranko, QE
army, hosse, Qq
art, karme
as, ve
at, use the locative case -esse, etc.
attack,
attempt
attention
attraction, **telye < Q telya `attractive' TEHE
authority, **maksie < maksi?? Qq
automatic
awake, kuive (vb.)
baby, lapse, tyetil, putse
back, nan- `backwards'
bad, Quenya distinguishes with faika (adj, meaning `not functional'), ulqua `evil' CB
bag, poko Qq
balance
ball, kóma Qq
band
base, sundo QE
basin, use `bowl' salpa Qq
basket. No word is given but see the reference to withes, WIG, VT42. I recommend **tasarevente `withe-vessel (willowware, wickerware)' or **wingavente `woven vessel'
bath, faskala, Qq
be, na, yé
beautiful, vanya
because, an
bed, kaima
bee, nier (nies-) Qq
before, nó or la
behaviour
belief
bell, nyelle
bent, kúna, Qmc
berry, piukka, Qq
between, imbe
bird, aiwe
birth, nosta, Qq
bit, min(d)- Qq MINI
bite, nak- QE
bitter, sára, QE
black, more, QE
blade, hyanda Qq
blood, serkë, Silmarillion
blow, súl-
blue, luin (pl. luini)
board,
boat, lunte QE
body, hroa
boiling, kelu-
bone, axo, Qm
book, parma QE
boot, saipo Qq
bottle, olpe Qq
box, kolka, Qq
boy
brain
brake
branch, olwa, QE
brass, kalas (ss-), Qq
bread, masta QE, or masse, LP
breath, hwesta, QE
brick
bridge, yanta
bright, kalina
broken, rákina
brother, onóro, toron
brown, varne
brush
bucket, kalpa Qq
building, kar(d-), QE
bulb
burn, urya-, usta-
burst, **rúvina from rûvina, Qq RUVU-
business
but, nan, LR:72
butter, manya Qq
button
by, hya Qq, but usually you would use a noun case
cake
camera
canvas
card
care, qara- Qq
carriage, use norolle `cart' Qq (and use this for `car', too)
cart, norolle, Qq
cat, meio, Qq
cause, **tyarme, based on tyar-, QE
certain
chain, limil Qq
chalk
chance, marta- Qq
change, varta- Qq, or **hyan based on ahyáne, PM:395
cheap, I would use **il-irilde `not dear'
cheese, tyur- Qq
chemical
chest, use `box' kolka Qq
chief, héra (an adj.). There are many words for ranks in Quenya.
chin
church, use `temple' or `shrine' alkarin or korda, Qq
circle, rinde QE
clean, poika QE
clear, liquis (st-) n. Qq
clock, probably use kalonda `large bell' (This meaning may be considered metaphorical, though the word kalonda was invented by Tolkien).
cloth, lanne QE
cloud, fanya QE
coal
coat, use kolla `cloak' MR:470
cold, ringe QE
collar
colour, **quile, based on quilea `colored' Qq
comb, pequen Qq
come, tul-
comfort, tiuta Qq
committee
common
company
comparison, see víkana- `compare' Qq
competition
complete, kar- `done'
complex
condition
connection
conscious
control, tur- QE
cook, maksa Qq
copper, **urun, from URUN, although rauta could also be used
copy
cord, hempa Qq
cork, **parma nornella, or **parma nornéva `oak bark'
cotton, líne, Qq
cough, tyoso (n.)
country, nóre, QE
cover, túpa
cow, yaksi Qq
crack
credit
crime
cruel, nwalka, QE (the n should have a tilde)
crush, mala- Qq
cry
cup, yulma
cup
current
curtain
curve
cushion, see pillow quesset, QE
damage
danger
dark, morna
daughter, yende [or yelde], QE
day, are
dead, Quenya distinguishes between 1) deat of natural causes, firin, QE and 2) dead by violence qualin, QE
dear, use melin `beloved'
death, nuru- QE
debt
decision
deep
degree
delicate
dependent
design
desire, mer-
destruction, see malu- `destroy' Qq
detail
development
different, varya, Qq
digestion
direction, men Qq
dirty, **muhtea, based on mukt- (noun) Qq
discovery
discussion, speech **quettie, based on quetta `word' Qq
disease
disgust
distance
distribution, see tirtina `distributed' Qq
division, see tirtina `distributed' Qq
do, kar-
dog, huo, QE
door, ando
doubt, **ilsamba- meaning `[do] not think'
down, nún, (adv.) QE
drain,
drawer, **tukine (n.), based on **tukina (adj.), from tukin, QE
dress, use vaima `robe', normally
drink, **yul(u)-, WJ:416
driving,
drop, limba QE
dry, parka, QE
dust, asto QE
ear, (h)lár, QE (dual lasu?)
early, arinya, QE
earth, Ambar for "our planet" and kemen for `soil', both QE
east, rómen QE
edge,
education
effect
egg, ohte Qq
elastic
electric
end, tyel- QE
engine
enough, farea, QE
equal, aryulima, Qq
error (wandering), mista- or rana-
even, paluva (adj.), Qq
event
ever, oio
every, il-
example
exchange, quapta-, Qq
existence, nasta Qq, enge VT
expansion, use the verb vel-
experience
expert, istyar
eye, hen, with irregular plural hendi
face,
fact
fall, lanta-
false, kauka QL
family, nóre WJ:413, or nosse
far, palan QE
farm
fat, pulwa, lupe, laru, fauka, fambo, pingwa, all from Qq
father, atar, Qq
fear, use vark- `it bodes (ill)...' Qq, or aika, `fear, awe'
feather, quesse
feeble, use **il-poldorea (`not strong')
feeling, tendilea Qq
female, inya, QE
fertile,
fiction, nyarna QE (technically, there seems to be no word in Quenya for a story that isn't true, but you could use **ilanwa, or **únwa, if you specifically wished to say `untrue')
field, arwa, nand-
fight
finger, lepse, QE
fire, náre
first, minya
fish, lingwe, QE
fixed, tak-
flag
flame, náre, and a half dozen other words for both flame and fire
flat, lara, QE
flight,
floor, talan, with an irregular pl. talami
flower, lóte
fly, vil-
fold
food, **matil, from matl in Qq
foolish, `fool' is auk in Qq, or use the Orkish "glob"
foot, tál QE
for, as a preposition, use the dative case.
force
fork. There are words in Noldorin such as thanc for `forked' or you could use **rómenkanta, or **hyarmenkanta, meaning `shaped like the letter Rómen or like the letter Hyarmen.
form
forward
fowl
frame
free, mirima, QE
frequent, rimba, QE
friend, nildo, málo
from, use the genitive caes -o `from' and -ello `out of'
front
fruit, yáve
full, quanta QE
future,
garden, tarwa, Qq
general, use oro-, a prefix meaning "over-all"
get, nete-
girl, véne QE
give, anta, QE
glass, hyelle QE
glove, **mantil, based on mantl in Qq
go, meaning `to proceed' use lelya, pa.t. lende, WJ:363
goat, nyéni means `she-goat'. No word for a male goat is attested. This is not one of the first 850 words I would be inclined to memorize, unless I were planning to cross a lot of bridges guarded by trolls (and then I would try to get a hobbit, under some pretext or other).
gold, Quenya distinguishes between malta for the metal and laure for the color of gold light
good, Quenya distinguishes between mane (`moral good') and mara (functionality)
government
grain, **cerme, based on cermie, the month of grain cutting (July)
grass, salque QE
great, usually a suffix such as -nde is used, or use `large' úra QE, yanta Qq, úmea Qq, etc.
green, laiqua, QE
grey, sinda
grip
group
growth, loa
guide
gun, the weapon is patakatapaka, Qq
hair, finde
hammer, namba QE
hand, má (the dual and plural are irregular)
hanging, **lingea, based on linge, QE
happy, **alassea, based on alasse, TT
harbour, hopasse, QE
hard, **sarda, based on sardi, VT and elsewhere
harmony,
hat, táta Qq
hate, tempe (n.), Qq
have, possess, harya-, QE, TT
he, not usually used, but so-, -ro
head, kár, (kas-)
healthy
hear, hlasta- CB; hlar-, MC; ten-, MC
hearing, unquie Qq, tunquele
heart, Quenya distinguishes between hon(de) (physical) and óre (metaphorical)
heat, úr(e)
help, see asea `helpful' TT (the verb would probably be **astya-)
high, tára QE
history, nyáre QE
hole, latta, QE
hollow, unque
hook, ampa
hope, estel
horn, rasse, QE
horse, rokko, Silmarillion
hospital
hour, as in time would be lúme. The Elves seem not to have measured their time in hours. For specifically hours, we could use the word for `bell' kalonda, see clock
house, mar, pl. mardi
how,
humour
I, usually appears as a verb ending -in
ice, helke QE
idea,
if, ai, WJ:372, or **aitaina `given' (which is the origin of the English word)
ill, engwa QE
important
impulse, hóre QE
in, usually uses a locative case ending -esse, but if you want to say `inside' use mi as a preposition.
increase
industry
ink, interestingly, this word seems not to be attested. However, I would use tinco, the first word of the tengwar alphabet which normally means `metal'. In conjunction with the next three words parma, calma, quesse, (meaning `book' or `papers', 'lamp' or 'light' and `feather' or `quill') these are the things necessary for writing. In addition, it is clear that the Elves often used inks made with various metals -- certainly ithildin was made with mithril as one component -- and so metal inks may have been normal for them. Alternatively, words for `stain' or `color' could be used.
insect, specifically a six-legged bug, **enquetelko rúkinke (see `ant' for an explanation of `bug').
instrument
insurance, use varnasse `protection'
interest
invention, aule QE
iron, anga
island, tol, with irregular pl. tolli, QE
jelly
jewel, míre
join, **lehte, based on lekte in Qq LEQE
journey,
judge, nám-, Silmarillion
jump, use kap- `leap'
keep,
kettle
key
kick, lahe, CB
kind, nostale (meaning `type', not `sweet-natured')
kiss, mique, Qq
knee, okko, Qq
knife,
knot, narda QE
knowledge, nole (with n usually written with a tilde)
land, nóre
language, lambe
last, meaning `final', use métima, MC; `at the end', use tyelda, WJ:411
late
laugh, lala- PM:359; kaka- PME
law
lead
leaf, lasse
learning, nóle
learn
leather, alu
left (hand), hyarmen
leg, telko, with irregular plural telqui
let, leuka, pa.t. lehta QE
letter, `of alphabet' tengwa; `a text' teket(ta), Qq
level, latsin(a), Qq
library, **parmele, an collective from parma `book'
lift, orta-
light, kále QE, MC
like, ve (although usually an adjective form of a word is used)
limit
line, tie
linen
lip, kílme Qq
liquid,
list
little, mitya, CB; titta QE; although often a diminutive suffix is used like -inke
living, koina, lausiva, Qq
lock,
long, anda
look, tir-
loose, leuka, lehta- QE
loss
loud, **romea, based on róma `loud sound' QE (or use something like **laustea `roaring')
love, mel-, melme QE
low, tumna QE
machine
make, kar-
male, nér-, QE
man, atan (meaning a mortal, rather than a guy)
manager, perhaps use káno `commander'
map, **nórekanta 'land shape' based on the Noldorin word dorgannas, understood to mean `maps'
mark, tehta
market, **mankie
married, **vestina, based on vesta `marriage'
mass, use kumbe 'pile, lump'
match
material
may, use nai `maybe' as a sentence adverb, see also kí
meal
measure
meat
medical
meeting, omentie
memory, minti Qq; also enyalie, rin(de)
metal, tinco
middle, ende QE
military, use **ohtea, based on ohta `war'
milk, ilin (ilim-) Qq
mind, indo, sanar
mine, sinquele
minute, hardly a concept to be met with among immortals!, the inclusion of this word reflects the turn of the century origins of this list. However, it would be useful for measuring the movements of the stars so ....
mist, híse
mixed
money
monkey
month, asta, for the calendar month
moon, Isil
morning, aure
mother, amme QE
motion, movement, use **menie, based on men `direction'
mountain, oron, pl. oronti QE
mouth, pé QE
move
much, olya (adj.) CB
muscle, tuo QE
music, lindele
nail, takse QE
name, esse
narrow, arka QE
nation, nóre
natural, perhaps use anwa `real'
near, hare Qq (perhaps later hyare)
necessary, use needful **maurinqua, < maure 'need' QE; + -inqua `full'
neck, yaht, QE
need, maure QE
needle, nelma Qq
nerve
net, natse QE
new, vinya
news, **vinyasse < vinya
night, Quenya distinguishes between lóme, a clear night with stars, and fui, 'darkness'
no, lá QE
noise, róma 'loud noise' QE
normal, sanya QE; or use vanima `customary'
north, formen QE
nose, nengwe QE
not, usually the prefix ú- is used
note, use tehta 'mark'
now, sín
number, nóte QE
nut, kote Qq
observation,
of, usually the genitive ending -o is used.
off
offer, perhaps use anna `gift, presentation'
office, perhaps use ataqua `building'
oil, ilma Qq
old, enwina `ancient' MC; yárea QE
on, usually a locative case -esse would be used.
only
open, latya
operation
opinion
opposite
or, var Qq
orange, kuluina QE (for the color)
order
organization
ornament
other, vára Qq
out, usually the genitive locative is used -ello
oven, torma Qq
over
owner
page
pain, nwalme,
paint
paper
parallel
parcel
part, tirt(ye) Qq
past, vanwie (n.), vanwa (adj.)
paste
payment
peace, sére
pen, tekil (for writing)
pencil, **pimpinke "little tail" (the original meaning of the word pencil), < pimp- `tail' Qq; or **tungwa 'thing for drawing'
person, quén-
physical
picture
pig, polka Qq
pin, tankil Qq
pipe, rotse, Qq
place,
plane
plant, olva, Silmarillion
plate
play, tyalie
please, iquista Qq
pleasure
plough, **hyarme Qq
pocket, not invented until the 1800's (so the Elves didn't have them), use polka `bag' Qq
point, tilde QE
poison, sangwa QE
polish,
political
poor, oika Qq
porter, meaning, I suppose `bearer' We would be more likely to use word 'carrier' as a general word.
[and that's all I have time to type today!]
position, location **láresse
possible, **nátima, based on únat, VT:39
pot, earthen vessel
potato, the word in Gnomish is a calque for earth apple and we can back form that into Quenya.
powder
power, val-, tur-, pol-
present, in the sense of 1) `current, modern' **sinyea (based on Gg círm), 2) in the sense of `nearby', penanwa Qq; 3) `gift, present' anna
price
print, press, use **quar- `squeeze' < KWAR-
prison, mandos
private, satya, véra
probable, likely (see GG:34 felthadrim)
process
produce, yáve
profit
property
prose
protest
public, **lieva `concerning the people'
pull
pump
punishment, doom, umbarto
purpose
push
put
quality
question, loquilis Qq, also **maquentie `questioning' < maquente `ask' a verb
quick, tyelka
quiet, quilde Qq
quite
rail, possibly use **rautatie `iron road'
rain, ukko Qq, probably based on the impersonal verb **uque `[it] rains'
range
rat, nyano QE
rate
ray, alka QE
reaction, **nan-karie based on kar- `act, do, make' and NDAN- `back (again)'
reading, **kendie, based on the verb kenda- `read' VT:41
ready, manwa Qq
reason
receipt, **tuvina `received [thing]' formed from tuv-
record, **trenyarn- `recount, tell through'
red, karne
regret
regular, sanya QE
relation
religion
representative
request
respect
responsible, **askarima, based on **as-kar- `to take action'
rest, ser-, senda
reward
rhythm
rice, perhaps **cerme ambarone `oriental grain'
right 1) `right hand' forte, QE; `right/fair' vanima
ring, corma `finger ring' but see also words for disc, circle, sound of bells, etc.
river, síre QE
road, tie, pl. tier
rod
roll; kor- `of a ball', tolu- `roll up', velu- `roll out', nor- `of a wheel'; all Qq
roof, tópa QE [later tupa?]
room, sambe, QE
root, sulka (edible kind)
rough, shaggy **aulea?
round, korna `globed' QE
rub, war- Qq, under GWARA-
rule, her-
run,
sad
safe, varna QE
sail
salt, singe Qq
same, inqua Qq
sand, litse, Qq
say, quet- Qq
scale, talante Qq (as for weighing).
school
science, ñolme
scissors, **hyaru, a dual of `blade, share'
screw, **pirme?
sea, Eare; `inner seas' aire, both QE
seat, sóra
second, attea in VT; neuna in QE
secret, nulla QE
secretary
see, kena- CB, MC
seed
seem, ilk- Qq
selection, choosing kil-
self, own véra
send, menta-
sense, tengwele Qq
separate, divided **kiryina
serious
servant, slave vartyo Qq (also not a part of my lifestyle)
sex, **okainie `sleeping together' < kai (see Akairis `bride')
shade, leo QE
shake, talta, adj.
shame
sharp, aika QE
sheep, máma WJ:395, and emer? UT
shelf, palta Qq
ship, kirya
shirt, laupe Qq
shock
shoe, hyapa Qq
short, sinta QE
shut
side
sign, tehta, tanna MR:385
silk, samin Qq
silver, tyelpe `metal', sil- `light'
simple
sister, onóne
size
skin, helma QE
skirt
sky, helle `blue thing'; menel `starry thing', i.e. Quenya distinguishes between the day sky and the night sky.
sleep, lóre, QE (presumably not a part of the Elvish lifestyle)
slip, talta, pa.t. talante CB
slope, pende QE
slow, lenka Qq
small, inya Qq; but usually a suffix is used on the noun such as -inke, etc.
smash, shatter terhant-
smell, nusta, pa.t nusse, CB; fausta (tr.); narda- (intr.) Qq
smile, miri- Qq
smoke
smooth, pasta QE
snake, hlóke, Silm.
sneeze, hont(y-) Qq
snow, olosse QE
so, ná Qq
soap, lipsa QE
society
sock
soft, **mussea, VT39
solid, rungwa Qq
some, not used but see ma-
son, yondo QE (usually as a suffix, -ion)
song, linde, QE; sing lír- MN; lin- QE
sort, silt- Qq
sound, lamma (n.) QE; **hlone (of speech) WJ:394
soup, sulpa Qq
south, hyarmen QE
space
spade, sampa Qq
special
sponge, hwan(di) QE
spoon, **salpinke, based on GG:66 salfinc `little bowl'
spring, (season) tuile; (water) ehtele
square, use **kantanelqua, meaning 4-sided based on neldenelqua from Qq
stage, platform talan, pl. talami
stamp, press, thing for pressing **kwarme
star, el, pl. eleni
start, begin yest-
statement
station
steam, ruku- Qq
steel, aksine CB
stem, telco
step
stick, in the sense of `stick to' himya- QE
sticky, sulka Qq
stiff, tarya- QE
still, continuing voro-
stitch
stocking
stomach
stone, ondo
stop, tápe (v.), lár (n.)
store, hoard foa
story, quenta, nyarna
straight, téra, QE
strange,
street, malle QE
stretch, lenu-
strong, **turka, based on PM:352
structure
substance
such
sudden
sugar
suggestion
summer, lairë
sun, Anar
support, tulko QE
surprise
sweet, lisse
swim
system, tengwesta, WJ:394
table, sarno, Qq
tail, pimpe, Qq
take
talk, quet-
tall, halla
taste, tyatava
tax,
teaching
tendency
test, tyasa-
than, "la" for positive comparison, "no" for negative comparison
that, various forms, i...i; ya-, ent-, ta-
the, i
then, conj. san; yá, in the past; en, in the future
theory
there yá, in the past, behind; en, in the future, before, ta-
thick, tiuka
thin, finima, lenu Qq
thing, nat QE
this, sí(n)
thought
thread, lia QE
throat, lanko QE
through, tere, but usually a prefix on verb, ter-
thumb, tyúte, Qq
thunder, not attested! Possibly it was understood as a metaphor `horn of Orome' **rome Oromeva. Alternatively the word "thudder" might do. "Lighting' (not on this list for some reason) is known only in the metaphorical expression Celeg Aithorn, which might be **Tyelke Ehta in Quenya
ticket
tight, lenuva, sangwa Qq
till, until, tenna
time, lúme
tin, latúken
tired,
to, usually the accusative locative is used, -enna. The word `to' has many grammatical uses in English and they are expressed different ways in Quenya.
toe
together, a prefix o- is used
tomorrow, **ehtala, based on nuan-ektala QQ could be used
tongue, lambe
tooth, nelet, pl. neleki
top, amba, PM:354
touch
town
trade, manka QE
train
transport, carry across **atarcola-
tray
tree (wide, spreading) alda; (tall, narrow) orne
trick, **finke, pl. finki, based on fint in Qq
trouble
trousers
true
turn
twist
umbrella, I would use **quildaráma "bat-wing" based on a poem by Emily Dickinson, that is, if you find this word absolutely essential
under, nu, a rare case when a preposition is actually used to indicate location
unit
up, amba, usually a prefix am-
use
value
verse
very, oli- a prefix, CB
vessel
view
violent
voice, óma
waiting
walk
wall, ramba QE
war, ohta QE
warm, lauka QE
wash,
waste
watch, tir- QE
water, nén QE
wave, falma
wax, líko
way, tie or men- Silm.
weather (good weather) kalle; (bad weather) lúre, (sky) fanyasse
week, enquie; or otsola (7 days) Qg
weight, talma Qq
well, mande Qq
west, númen
wet, linque QE
wheel, quirin Qq
when, conj. íre; relative pronoun ya, HM
where, rel. pron. yá
while
whip, if this is really one of the first 850 words that you need to know, you have obviously made a lifestyle choice that I don't need to know about, however, you could use **tasare olwa `willow branch'.
whistle
white
who, rel. pron. i; interrogative, man
why, **mainen
wide, palla QE
will, indo (n.); for the future of the verb, use -(u)va
wind, súle
window, lattulis Qq
wine, miru
wing, ráma
winter, Hríve
wire
wise
with, usually the instrumental case is used -inen, but also see `against, near'
woman, nis, pl. nissi
wood (material) tavar; (forest) taurë
wool, toa Qg
word, quetta, Silm.
work,
worm, wembe Qq
wound, harna, harwe, QE
writing, teke- QE
wrong, perqua Qq
year, yén, loa, coronar
yellow, malina
yes, ná Qq
yesterday, **takala
you, elye, (but usually used as a suffix on the verb -(e)lye)
young, nessa QE
Additional Words Deemed Essential
This will be a running list and includes words for modern things, Elvish, etc.
airplane, air ship **vilyakirya
airfield, airport, **vilyahopasse
bus, **norolle liéva
car, **norolle ú rokko "horseless carriage"
city, osto QE
clothing
computer
dwarf
eat, mat- QE
elf, Elda
ent, onot(e)
gasoline, fuel,
hobbit, **peryatan
depression, **anga-engwie "iron sickness"
jet (propulsion)
magnet
nuclear
ork
trancribe, **arta-tehta-
translate, **arta-quetta-
understand, hanya- QE
underwear, **úquétimar, WJ:370
unicorn, **minyatarwe
Lisa Star
LisaStar@earthling.net. If you send me an email, please put something in the subject line about "Elvish" or "Tyalie Tyelellieva" because I get a bunch of spam which I delete without reading, and I don't want to accidentally delete your message.
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Tyalie Tyelellieva / LisaStar@earthling.net / last updated March 2003
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