| Published in Washington, D.C. January 25, 2008 |
Port city of Hoi An advertises opulent past, romantic appeal
By Richard S. Ehrlich
THE WASHINGTON TIMES
HOI AN, Vietnam
Foreign backpackers and the United Nations have helped Vietnam's communists rescue this exquisite town, which became dilapidated after wealthy shippers and merchants abandoned it more than 100 years ago.
This small port on central Vietnam's Thu Bon River began attracting big money in the 15th century, when East Asia's ships came to nestle and procure fresh supplies.
By the 17th and 18th centuries, Hoi An was booming, luring British, French, Dutch, Portuguese, Chinese, Thai and Japanese vessels.
International merchants erected expensive, teak homes, graced with mother-of-pearl panels, porcelain, private courtyards, backyard docks, balconies and lattice-carved windows.
Foreigners also built pagodas, temples, shrines and a legendary Japanese bridge.
Their opulent lifestyle, however, collapsed more than 100 years ago, when bigger and better port facilities opened in nearby, deep-water Danang.
Tiny Hoi An began decaying.
Its illustrious architecture endured a lack of maintenance against seasonal typhoons, relentless heat, fungus-friendly humidity and poverty.
Danang became a major U.S. military base after troops splashed ashore in 1965, as the Vietnam War escalated.
But Hoi An was never seriously damaged during the war, despite its proximity.
In the early 1990s, Vietnam allowed foreign tourists into Hoi An.
Today, the town has emerged from ruin, and is being boosted as an elegant, romantic destination.
"South of Hanoi, it's probably the most visited city by Lonely Planet readers" traveling in Vietnam, said Josh Krist, who recently stayed in Hoi An to update the Vietnam chapter of a Lonely Planet guidebook, Southeast Asia on a Shoestring.
"There's something about walking through the old city when it's lit up at night, with the bars in restored antique houses," Mr. Krist said.
"Hoi An attracts older [foreign] people, too, and couples, because it's a very romantic city, so there's not that bar girl thing you get in other cities in Vietnam," Mr. Krist said.
But Hoi An's renaissance remains fragile.
"When the tourists stop coming, the locals are [in trouble]. ... Tourism is a fickle thing," Mr. Krist said.
"The town is one [major] bird flu scare away from emptying out."
Many of Hoi An's more than 60,000 residents have profited from the influx of tourists.
Others complain that the swarms of visitors have fueled inflation for food, services and real estate, with investors building hotels, restaurants and other facilities.
Hoi An's original main street, Le Loi, forms a charming vein through cramped neighborhoods lined with quaint cafes, art galleries and trendy showrooms offering Paris-inspired, hand-tailored silk fashions.
Dogs occasionally wander through some of Le Loi's restaurants, which serve a traditional dish called "white rose," made of steamed white dumplings stuffed with tiny shrimp, cooked on wood-burning stoves.
The tourism industry also profits people engaged in making Hoi An's ubiquitous, hand-glued, silk-on-bamboo, hanging lanterns.
"Hoi An Ancient Town is an exceptionally well-preserved example of a Southeast Asian trading port dating from the 15th to the 19th century," the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) said after listing it in 1999 as a world heritage site.
"Its buildings and its street plan reflect the influences, both indigenous and foreign, that have combined to produce this unique heritage site," UNESCO said.
UNESCO earlier listed central Vietnam's nearby former imperial city, Hue, and also the northeast coastal region of Ha Long Bay as world heritage sites.
Hoi An's best surviving treasure, UNESCO noted, was its photogenic bridge.
The small, covered Japanese bridge was constructed in the 17th century across a thin tributary in Hoi An's then-prosperous Japanese quarter.
Wood beams support the stone bridge's roof, which is decorated with porcelain plates.
The bridge was built wide enough for a person to cross, while carrying a shoulder-balanced bamboo pole from which two wicker baskets dangle.
The bridge also appeased a superstition that described the site as a weak vertebrae in the spine of a dragonlike beast that stretched across Asia, with its head in India and tail forming Japan.
The small but heavy bridge trapped the thrashing monster, preventing it from causing natural disasters in Hoi An, according to local lore.