verify: to prove something is true.
24. milestone: a stone that marks the distance in miles, or an event that is important in a history. Getting married is an important milestone.
25. millstone: two heavy stones for grinding grain. Also used to mean a heavy burden.
26. eventually: Sooner or later. Eventually everyone dies.
27. conquest: a win
28. regained: to get again.
29. commercial: something that charges money or is meant to earn money for someone.
30. intense: serious-gold fever was intense, meaning that everyone had it very badly
31. deserted: in this lesson, refers to soldiers. Means to leave the army without permission, which is a crime.
32. midst: middle of
33. expeditions: trips, often to explore or discover something.
34. testify: to give evidence.
35. imposed: to put a burden or a tax on something or someone.
36. reliable: dependable. Someone or something you can count on.
37. agriculture: farming
38. utensils: tools
39. residents: people who live in a place.
40. masses: large groups
41. request: to ask
GOLD RUSH VOCABULARY:
1. forty-niners: people who traveled to the gold rush. This was a term used later.
2. argonauts: what the gold rushers called themselves.
26. legislature: the people in charge of making laws.
27. persecuting: treating people they don't like very badly-sometimes even killing them. This is often done to groups some people don't like.
28. discrimination: not allowing certain people to do what others do, because you don't like their race, nationality, religion or age. Discrimination can involve not letting them have jobs, live wherever they wanted, or go to school.
29. foreigners: people who come from another country.
30. extermination: killing large groups. Some people tried to exterminate the Native Americans because they didn't want them around.
31. shaft: a narrow space used to get into a mine.
32. laundresses: women who did the laundry of others for pay.
33. pioneer: someone who does something first. In this lesson, it refers to the people traveling to mostly unsettled lands.
34. mill: a building used for grinding grain.
35. laborers: people who do physical work for others.
35. pickax: a tool for breaking hard ground.
36. bankrupt: to be completely out of money. A company is bankrupt when it runs out of money.
37. population: the number of people living in an area, or the number of people in a group, such as the Native Americans. The population of that group became smaller during the gold rush.
38. Malnutrition: not getting the right vitamins in your diet, which can make you very sick. You will be malnourished if you don't have a healthy diet.
39. tax: the money a government charges to earn money
40. land grants: land given to a person or group for a special purpose.
41. ratified: to sign an agreement
42. treaty: a formal agreement between governments
43. territory: area. In this lesson, refers to areas that belonged to our country, but were not yet states.
44. constitutional convention: a meeting held to write the constitution for a new or future state.
45. admission: to get in. States had to ask for admission to the country-to be allowed to become a state.
46. concessions: giving in on something someone else wants. In order for California to be accepted as a free state, the government had to let the South have some things they wanted too.
47. prospecting: searching