Common Fish & Crustaceans of the Caribbean that are regularly spotted around Roatan

Angelfish
Pomacanthidae
  Blue, Gray, French, Queen Angelfish
Barracuda
Sphyraena picudilla
Features: Large underslung jaw with obvious, pointed teeth on silver body. Widely separated dorsal fins.

Either solitary or in small groups, Barracuda frequently approach divers and follow them around the reef, as if they were curious. There have never been documented attacks on divers.

Black durgon
Melichthys niger
  Features: Black body, pale blue lines along base of dorsal and anal fins. Similar in shape to Triggerfish. Can have blue with yellow accents around head. Can grow to 16".

Very shy, will hide in coral holes and lock themselves in plave by raising their dorsal spine. Tend to live below 20'.

Blennies/Gobies
Gobiidae, Clinidae, Tripterygiidae, Blennidae
  All are small (under 3"), elongated fish with cylindrical bodies which inhabit the bottom or make small burrows. Over 50 distinct species. Several species are cleaner fish.

Gobies have two dorsal fins, while Blennies have one, long continous fin.

Blue chromis
Chromis cyanea
Features: Deeply forked tails with dark borders.

Swim in large groups feeding on plankton, mixed with Brown Chromis and Damselfish (which are the same family)

Blue runner
Caranx crysos
  Features: Silvery, with black spot at top of gills. Tips of tail fins are dark. Member of the Jack family, with forked tail and sloping head.

Travel in large schools in offshore waters.

Blue Tang
Acanthurus coeruleus
  Features: Blue body, white or yellow spine on base of tail. Thin body, oval profile.

Can be solitary on shallow reeftops, but frequently in large schools, which will often include Surgeonfish and Doctorfish.Tend to ignore divers, but will move away when approached.

Butterflyfish
Chaetondontidae


Shown here:
Banded Butterflyfish
Chaetodon Stratus

Features: Two wide, black mid-body bars. Silver to white body. Black bar runs through eye. Juveniles have eye spot near tail. Thin body, oval profile.

Flits about reef tops, often in pairs. Tend to ignore divers, but will move away when approached.

French angelfish
Pomacanthus paru

(Gray Angelfish
Pomacanthus arcuatus)

Features: Black with bright yellow rims on scales, rounded tail. All fins are black except for yellow spot on pectoral fin. Thin body, oval profile.

Unafraid of divers, easy to approach. Frequently found in pairs.

Tiger Grouper
Mycteroperca tigris
Features: White tiger-stripes. Can change colors.

Solitary on reef walls and bottoms. Can be found frequently in cleaning stations.

Other Groupers: Jewfish, Nassau, Red, Yellowfin, Black, Yellowmouth, Comb, Marbled & (Red) Hinds, Greysbys,Coneys.

Grunts
Pomadasyidae
  Bluestriped, Spanish, Smallmouth, Striped, White, Caesar. Cottonwick, French

Features: Grunts come in many sides and are abundant throughout the Caribbean. Most have multiple horizontal stripes on face and body. "V" shaped tail, sloping head & tapered body. Frequently travel in groups. Differnent varieties prefer different depths.

Harlequin bass
Serranus tigrinus
  Features: Dark bars on white upper body with yellow underbelly. Several dark spots form horizontal lines running length of body. Head is pointed, tail is flat with spots. Under 4 inches.

Drifts above bottom and in sea grass, feeds on small crustaceans.

Horse-eye jack
Caranx latus
  Features: Silver body like all jacks, with yellow tail fins and clear pectoral fin.

Swim in open water in schools, sometimes mixed with other jacks, such as Crevalle.

Jewfish
Epinephelus itajara
  Features: member of the grouper family, they have large, heavy bodies with large lips. Splotchy, dark spots all over bodies. Can grow up to 8 ft. long.

Reclusive, found in caves and wrecks.

Lobster  
Manta ray
Manta birostris
Features: Large mouth with feeding 'scoops' at leadin edge of head. Dark back with white underside.

Very uncommon, plankton feeder generally ignores divers unless closely approached. Can be distinguished from Devil Rays, who have mouth on bottom of body like stingrays.

Parrotfish
Scaridae
  Queen, Rainbow, Princess, Blue, Striped, Midnight, Stoplight, Redband, Tellowtail, Greenblotch.

Parrot fish are distinctive because of their brilliant colors, an their swimming style, using only their pectoral fins, giving them the illusion of 'flying' through the water. All posess long bodies and powerful jaws that look like beaks which they use to scrape the coral. Colors vary greatly from Juvenile to Adult, and many female adults switch sex to become 'Supermales.'

Permit
Trachinotus falcatus
  Features: High head-back profile, two-part dorsal fin, tall and pointed in front, low in back, silver body and thin, deeply forked tails.

A member of the Jack family (Crevalle, Horse-eye), they are deep sea predators, schools will sometimes approach reefs to feed on small fish.

Porcupinefish
Diodon hystrix
  Features: Small spots on fins and spots on fins. No spines on head like Burrfish and baloonfish.

Shy, hide in coral holes & cave openings.

Southern Sting Ray
Dasyatis americana
Features: Southern Stingrays have pointed noses and pointed wing-tips. Varied colors, dark on top, white bottoms. Thin tail with poisonous spines at base.

Can be approached on sandy bottoms.

Sargent Majors
Abudefduf saxatilis
  Features: Five black bars, with yellow spots on silver-blue bodies. 'Small' fish (under 3"), with oval bodies.

Unafraid of divers. Territorial, will defend coral 'nests'. Member of Damselfish family.

Sea Horses
Hippocampus erectus
  Features: Not common. You'll know it when you see it.

Allow divers to approach closely. Territorially grasp branches of seafans or grasses with their tails.

Sharks; Nurse, Sand, Reef, Whale  
Nurse Shark
Ginglymostoma cirratum
  Features: Two barbs on the mouth, two dorsal fins, elongated streight tail and a small mouth distinguish the nurse shark.

Can be approached closely as they lie motionless on the ground. Lie on the sand, under coral ledges and overhangs.

Shrimps    
Silversides
Atherinidae
  Features: Tiny, silver, forked tailed, schooling fish.

Along with Anchovies, Herring & Scad, there are 10 different species which are virtually impossible to distinguish. Travel in large schools that are dense and 'polarized'. Will part and flow around divers and predators.

Atlantic Spadefish
Chaetodipterus faber
  Features: Oval, flat body under 2 ft long with high sloping head, and prominent dorsal and anal fins. Several dark bars color a silver body. Body shape resembles a playing card 'spade'.

Swim in schools in open water. Sometimes approach divers, attracted by the bubbles.

Spider crab    
Spotted eagle rays
Aetobatus narinari
  Features: Pointed head, tapered snout, white underside, long tail with venomous spine(s) at base.

Very shy, will leave area soon after spotting divers. Feed on mollusks on sandy bottoms.

 
Triggerfish
Balistidae
  Features: Front dorsal spine which can be raised or lowered, and locked into place with a second spine, called a 'trigger'. Shaped like a flattened football, with a large anal fin. Swims using both dorsal and anal fins in fanning motion.

Rarely seen in schools. Queen, Gray, Ocean and Sargassum species.

Trunkfish
Lactophyrys triqueter
  Features: Dark body covered with white spots. Differentiated from other Boxfish by lack of spine over each eye.

Normally solitary, unafraid of divers. An awkward swimmer.

Turtles (Hawksbill)    
Whale Sharks
Rhincodon typus
Whale Sharks were spotted at the mouth of French Harbor on Roatan at the middle of February this year.
Wrasses
Labridae
  Creole, Puddingwife, Yellowhead, Cleaner, Slippery Dick, Yellowcheek, Bluehead, Clown, Dwarf.

All have buck teeth that protrude, and come in diverse colors. Long bodies, similar to their close relations, the Parrotfish. Also change sex at adulthood. Wrasse frequently 'staff' cleaning stations and remove parasites and dead scales from larger fish at 'cleaning stations'.

Yellow Snapper
Ocyurus chrysurus
  Features: Brilliant yellow body stripe and tail. Silver to white body with blue tinge. Deeply forked tail. Sloping head.

Swim alone or small schools above reefs. Unafraid of divers and will approach closely.

     
Active Night Fish:    
Basket star
 
Bigeyes
Apogonidae, Holocentrdae & Priacanthidae
  Cardinalfish, squirrelfish, Glasseye Snapper, Soldierfish, Bigeye.

Noctural feeders. Distinctive big eyes. Range of colors. Generally small size.

Brittle star    
Eel, Green Moray, Spotted Moray
Gymnothorax funebris, moringa
  Features: Green Moray (funebris) & Spotted Moray (moringa) are most common. Purplemouth Moray, Goldentail Moray & Chain Moray are rarer.

Rarely found swimming free, normally only heads protrude from holes in coral. Generally nocturnal feeders.

Flounder
Bothidae
  Features: Eyes on top side of body. Lie on their side, partially buried in sand.

Can be closely approached as they rely on careful camoflage. Move only when diver gets too close.

Octopus    
Spider Crab    

©Drew Thompson 1999
All Rights Reserved
All images and gifs are in the public domain.
Some pictures taken by the author.