World History – Mr. O’Donnell

 

Austrian Rulers 1657-1918

Francis I

  • Holy Roman Emperor 1792-1806 (14 years)
  • Emperor of Austria 1804-1835 (29 years)
  • First son of Leopold

1792 April 20 France declared war on Austria and Prussia.

1792 August Austria and Prussia invaded northern France and marched toward Paris.

1792 September 20 French Army defeated Austrian/Prussian Army at Valmy. French Army defeated Austrian Army in The Netherlands.

1793 October 16 French Republic guillotined Marie Antoinette (Maria Theresa's 11th daughter, aunt of Francis I).

1794 French Army again defeated Austrian Army in The Netherlands.

1795 Prussian and Saxon Army abandoned Austrian allies.

1796 French Army (under General Napoleon) defeated Austrian Army at Lodi on River Adda (Northern Italy).

1797 October 17 French Army (under General Napoleon) defeated Austrian Army in Milan, Lombardy (Northern Italy). October 1797 Austria signed "Peace of Campo Formio" treaty. France gained Austrian Netherlands (Belgium).

1800 May 20 Austrian Army (under Gereral Ott) defeated French Army (under General Thureau) at Montebello (Italy).

1800 June 14 French Army (under First Consul Napoleon, Generals Chambarlhac, Gardanne, Kellerman, Watrin, Champeaux, Desaix and Lannes) defeated Austrian Army (under Chief of Staff Zach, Generals Ott, Elnitz, Kaim, O'Reilly and Haddick) in Marengo (Northern Italy).

1800-1805 Silver and copper coins were devalued. State debt reached 300 million Thalers (about 40 billion Kreuzers).

1805 October 11 6,000 troops of French Army (under General Dupont) occuped Village of Haslach (Ulm, Germany). 60,000 troops of Austrian Army (under General Mack) sieged the village.

1805 November 13 French Army captured Vienna.


1805 French Army's victory at Austerlitz

1805 December 2 75,000 troops of French Army battled 16,000 troops of Austrian & 74,000 troops of Russian Army at Austerlitz, Moravia. 6,000 Austrian, 20,000 Russian and 9,000 French were killed.


1805 Francis I surrendered Austria to Napoleon

1805 December 26 Defeated Francis I signed "Peace of Pressburg" treaty.

  • France gained Piedmont, Parma, and Piacenza (Northern Italy).
  • Bavaria gained the Free City of Augsburg (1806), Bishopric Bamberg (1802), Brandenburg Ansbach Bayreuth (1806), Free City of Nurnberg (1806), Bishopric Wurzburg (1802), Tirol and Vorarlberg (Western Austria), and Further Austria (Ulm, Germany) and was elevated to Kingdom (King Maximilian I).
  • Wurttemberg gained Free City Biberach (1806), Teutonic Order (1809) and was elevated to Kingdom (King Friedrich I).
  • Baden gained land and was elevated to Grand Duchy (Grand Duke Karl Friedrich).
  • Austria gained Salzburg.

1806 August 6 Holy Roman Empire is dissolved.


1809 Map - Aspern & Wagram

1809 April 22 90,000 troops of French Army defeated 76,000 troops of Austrian Army (under Archduke Charles) in Battle of Eckmuhl, near city of Ratisbon.


1809 Austrian Army's victory at Aspern

1809 May 21-22 80,000 troops, 14,000 cavalry, and 290 cannon of Austrian Army (under Archduke Charles, brother of Francis I) defeated 40,000 troops of French Army (under Marshall Massena and Marshall Lannes) that crossed the Danube River at Aspern & Essling, just north of Vienna (Austria). French Marshall Lannes was killed in battle.

1809 July 6 French Army regrouped and defeated Austian Army, Battle of Wagram.

1809 October 14 Austria signs "Peace of Schonbrunn" treaty, cedes Poland, Carithia, Carniola, and Croatia.

1810 March 11 Maria Louise (daughter of Francis I) married Napoleon. 1813 August 12 200,000 Austrian (under Count Schwarzenburg), Prussian, and Russian troops defeated 260,000 French troops at Dresden (Germany). 38,000 Austrian/Prussian/Russian and 10,000 French killed. Maria Louise taken prisoner, by her father Francis I.

1813 October 3 Treaty Alliance of Teplitz, Britain agrees to pay 1 million pounds to Austria in exchange for Austria's placing 150,000 men in the field.

1813 "Battle of Nations" defeated Napoleon at Leipzig.

1815 "Second Treaty of Paris" Austria regained Lombardy, Venetia, Salzburg, and Tyrol. Lombardy was administered by Austria 1814-1859 (except during 1848 revolution). Venetia was administered by Austria 1814-1866.

1835 March 2 Francis I died.