"This is the most infamous disease of captive frogs and is caused by the
parasite Aeromonas hydrophila. Symptoms include the reddening
of the skin, especially on the belly and the underside of the thighs.
Infected animals become lethargic and apethetic. Infected animals
should be immediately isolated. If caught in the early stages, red-leg
may be treated by immersing the infected animal in a 2% solution
of copper sulphate or potassium permanganate. The use of an
antibiotic such as tetracyclene may also help. Consult a veterinarian
for advice about this lethal disease."
Pg.30-31
"Red leg is a genral term for a disease caused by Aeromonas. Unsanitary
conditions, prolonged exposure to cold conditions, overcrowding, and other
factors that lead to stress contribute red leg.
Symptoms include listlessness, bloating, lack of appetite, and the
reddish appearance of the underside of the thighs and belly, which is
caused by enlarged and broken capillaries resulting in subcutaneous
bleeding. Treatment with tetracycline administered orally at 50mg/kg
twice a day should be initiated immediately. Additional injectable
antibiotics are also recommended. ......."
Pg.47-48
"This bacterial disease can prove to be rapidly fatal. Because it is
communicable, isolation of insected frogs is essential. The pathogen
aeromonas is often, but not always implicated. Cleanliness and suitable
temperature regime will nearly always prevent this disease; conversely,
fouled water or land areas and inordinate chill will assure its onset.
Tetracycline hydrochloride is an often-used home remedy, but treatments
performed by a qualified veterinarian would be better....."
Pg.32-33
"When subjected to cold stress or if maintained under overcrowded
and unsanitary conditions, White's tree frogs can come down with the
classic symptoms of "red leg" a bacterial disease often caused by
Aeromonas. Symptoms include: listlessness, lack of appetite, and the reddish
appearence of the underside of the thighs, lower legs and belly area
along with the enlarged capillaries"....
"...Administering tetracycline hydrochloride (obtainable in aquairium stores
or feed stores) orally at a dosage of 2.5mg/lb in a solution of water with an
eyedropper can be effective in treating red leg in this species. This
should be administered once daily for 5-7 days."
Pg.18
"If an overzealous frog ingests gravel or sand while feeding, intestinal
impaction may occur. Small amounts of sand or an isolated small
piece of gravel will usually be passed without any need for intervention.
Larger impactions may require surgical removal."
Pg.33
"MBD may occur in amphibians that are provided insufficiant calcium and
vitamin D3 additives in their diet. This is especially
true in rapidly yound growing animals. The method of prevention is
simple-feed calcium and vitamin D3 enhanced diets. The
cure is less simple. Once sufficiently advanced to be observable,
the insidious progression of this deficiency may not be reversable.
Consult a veterinarian about injectable calcium treatments. It is
possible that they will help."
Pg.33
"DO NOT OVERSUPPLIMENT TREE FROGS! Once a week light coating of insects
with a powdered mix of two parts calcium to one part reptile vitamin/mineral
supplement will be enough. High D3 and calcium supplements
if fed too frequently can cause irreversable and fatal kidney disease.
Visible symptoms can include water edema of the limbs and body, and
lethargy."
The term for this illness is "Hypervitaminosis"
Pg.21
"This is a disease characterized by open, usually bleeding skin lesions
on the snout, head and back. When occuring around the eye area,
the eye may be affected and the disease can reult in blindness. As
with red-leg, cold temperatures over extended periods of time and
unsanitary conditions appear to be contributing factors. Infected
animals should be isolated and kept in sterile enclosures at warmer
temperatures.... This may be a form of tuberculosis. Prognosis is
poor though some animals survive often with various degrees of scarring.
Some surviving animals become blind in one or both eyes."
Pg.18
"This is a lethal disease which occurs among certain temperate species
during the breeding season. It is caused by Bacterium ranicida.
Symptoms include a discoloration of the skin, lethargy and a continuous
"yawning." At presant there seems to be no reliable treatment for this
disease, though experimentation with antibiotics may be worth a try.
Consult your veterinarian."
Pg.31
Fungal Infections:
Due to the moist nature of their habitat, amphibians are more likely to suffer from fungal disease than any other animals apart from fishes, with semi aquatic and aquatic amphibians being the most at risk.
General Fungal Disease
Causes and Characteristics:The most common infections amoung temperate amphibians are those caused by fungi of various genera commonly known as saprolegnias, characterized by a pearly or creamy coating with a furry apperence in water and slimy in hand. The fungus Oodinium is more likely to occur in amphibians hailing from warmer climates and tends to be velvety and more yellow in colorization. Both types of fungi usually occupy small sores andskin lesions.....
Treatment: Fortunatly, treatment in the early stages by applying hydogen peroxide (dilute to 75% strength for adult amphibians, 50% for juvinile or small amphibians) to infected area with a small paitbrush will give you a good success rate..."
Pg.161-162
"Rare in adults, but not uncommon in tadpoles and metamorphosing
froglets, fungal infections manifest themselves as areas of inflamed
skin surrounded by whitish threads. If untreated, fungus infections can
be fatal. Caught in it's early stages,a fungal infection can be
treated by immersing the tadpole or frog in a 2% solution of malachite
green or mercurochrome for five minutes, repeating after 24 hours.
If no improvement is apparent after three such treatments a veterinarian
should be consulted."
Pg.43
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