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KEY CHARACTERS IN THE ANALECTS
by 8 translators.  


REN

Legge
Waley
Chan
Lau
Leys
Huang
Brooks
Ames & Rosemont

benevolence, perfect virtue (from his character index)
Goodness
humanity
benevolence
humanity, goodness
humanity
ren
authoritative conduct, authoritative person
("'Authoritative' entails the 'authority' that a person comes to represent in community by becoming ren - 'authoring' the culture for one's own place and time.")


LI

Legge
Waley
Chan
Lau
Leys
Huang
Brooks
Ames & Rosemont

the fitness or propriety of things, rules of propriety, ceremonies
ritual, rites
the rules of ceremony, propriety
rites
ritual, rites, courtesy
rituals.
ritual, propriety, courtesy, ceremonies, to display decorum
observing ritual propriety:


DAO 

Legge


Waley
Chan
Lau
Leys
Huang
Brooks
Ames & Rosemont

(1) a road, a path: very often with a moral application, the course or courses, the ways proper to; sometimes it is: the right way, what is right and true (2) doctrine, principles, teachings
Way
Way, moral principles
Way
Way, principles
Way
Way, principles
way


DE 

Legge
Waley
Chan
Lau
Leys
Huang
Brooks
Ames & Rosemont

virtue, virtuous; energy, influence
moral power
, true virtue,  inner qualities
virtue, character
virtue, moral virtue
virtue, inner force

virtue, moral force, moral character
virtue, character
excellence


 YI

Legge
Waley
Chan
Lau
Leys
Huang
Brooks
Ames & Rosemont

what is right, righteousness
what is right
what is right, righteousness
what is right, being moral, just
what is right, what is just, fair
righteousness, reasonable
what is right, appropriate
appropriateness


ZHONG

Legge
Waley
Chan
Lau
Leys
Huang
Brooks
Ames & Rosemont

(1) self-devotion, generous sincerity (2) faithful, loyal
loyalty, to be faithful to your superiors, devotion
loyalty, conscientiousness, sincere
doing one's best for others, conscientious
loyal, trustworthy
wholehearted sincerity
loyalty
doing one's utmost


SHU

Legge

Waley
Chan
Lau
Leys
Huang
Brooks
Ames & Rosemont 

the principle of reciprocity, making our own feelings the rule for our dealing with others
consideration for the feelings of others
altruism
using oneself as a measure to gauge others
reciprocity
likehearted considerateness
empathy
putting oneself in the other's place


XIN

Legge

Waley

Chan
Lau
Leys
Huang
Brooks
Ames & Rosemont

(1) sincere, sincerity; to believe, to be believed in; (2) an agreement; (3) truly, true
true to one's word, good faith, faithful, to keep promises, to have confidence in
faithfulness, confidence
to be trustworthy in what you say, truthful
truthful, a promise
truthfulness
true, faithful
making good on one's word


MING

Legge


Waley

Chan
Lau
Leys
Huang
Brooks
Ames & Rosemont

(1) to order, direct; what is appointed, spoken of what Heaven appoints: the throne, our nature, and generally; (2) spoken of a sovereign's ordering, a commission
fate, the will of Heaven, the decree of Heaven, the span of life allotted by Heaven
destiny, the decree of Heaven
Destiny
fate, Heaven's will
Fate, the decree of Heaven.
fate, the appointed limits
the propensity of circumstances

 

Home

The Original Analects

Criticism of the Daoists

Books

The Way of Ren

Progressing on the Confucian Way

Links