INDIAN HYDROBIOLOGY, VOL. 4 No.2, NOVEMBER 2001.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SAKEGAON RESERVIOR WATER -S.V. AGARKAR, DEPTT. OF CHEMISTRY, ANURADHA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, CHIKHLI - 443 201, DISTT. BULDANA (M.S.) A.M. GARODE, DEPTT. OF MICROBIOLOGY, SHRI SHIVAJI SCIENCE COLLEGE, CHIKHLI- 443 201, DISTT. BULDANA (M.S.) - PP. 65 - 69.
Abstract: An attempt has been made to assess the water quality of Sakegaon reservoir water and its suitability for drinking purpose. The study was carried out by collection of water samples from four sampling stations. The samples were collected bimonthly and were analyzed for temperature, turbidity, pH, electrical conductivity, total solids, chlorides, salinity, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, sulphate, phosphate, nitrate, dissolved oxygen, free CO2, oil and grease content, MPN of coliforms, total E. coli, feacal streptococci and heterotrophic bacteria. The analyzed data is compared with permissible limits as prescribed by W.H.O., ISI and ICMR for drinking water quality.
FOOD AND FEEDING HABITS OF THE BLUE SPOT MULLET, VALAMUGIL SEHELI (FORSKAL) FROM MANGALORE WATERS - VENKATESHA MOORTHY K.S., H.R.V. REDDY AND T.S. ANNAPPASWAMY, UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, COLLEGE OF FISHERIES, MANGALORE-2 - pp. 70 - 78.
Abstract: Qualitative and quantitative analysis of gut contents of Valamugil seheli revealed that this species mainly feeds on decayed organic matter, diatoms, algae and sand indicating a bottom feeding habit. Sand particles showed more or less an increasing trend with the size of the fish. Diatoms and algae were found to be relatively more in smaller size groups. Active feeding was observed during August - December. Poor feeding was observed during February - July. Fishes with empty stomachs were found in all the months with varying percentages.
SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN THE AGAR CONTENT OF SOME MARINE RED ALGAE IN RELATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS AT AROCKIAPURAM COAST. - A. STELLA ROSLIN, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, HOLY CROSS COLLEGE, NAGERCOIL - 629 004, TAMILNADU, INDIA - PP. 79 - 85.
Abstract: Four species of Rhodophyceae namely, Gelidium micropterum, Gelidiella indica, Gracilaria corticata and Gracilaria fergusonii were selected to study the yield and physical properties of agar. The above species were collected every month from October 1995 to September 1997 at Arokiapuram coast. The present investigation revealed that the monthly agar content ranged from 22.40% to 50.40% in the four red algae studied. The highest agar yield was recorded in Gelidium micropterum. The agar yield (50.10%) in Gelidiella indica and Gracilaria corticata (47.30%) were higher in the present investigation when compared to other regions. Each species showed a specific seasonal peak in agar content. Gelidium micropterum and Gracilaria corticata exhibited their seasonal peak in the post-monsoon (Jan - Feb). Gelidiella indica in the south-west monsoon (June - Sept) and Gracilaria fergusonii in the pre-monsoon (Mar-may). The above periods are suitable for exploitation of these agar yielding seaweeds. The gelling and melting temperatures differed amongst species. Simple correlation coefficient between environmental parameters and agar content of above algae were also recorded.
SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN THE GROWTH OF MARINE ALGAE IN RELATION TO ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS IN AROCKIAPURAM COAST - A. STELLA ROSLIN, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, HOLY CORSS COLLEGE, NAGERCOIL - 620 004, TAMILNADU - PP. 86 - 93.
Abstract: Marine algae were collected at monthly intervals from Arockiapuram coast for a period of 2 years from October 1995 to September 1997 to study the growth. The monthly growth behaviour of the different species appeared to be irregular and peak growth varied amongst species. The seasonal growth in length of all the eleven species of Chlorophyceae studied was. Ten of them exhibited their maximum growth during the southwest monsoon (June - Sept.) or north - east monsoon (Oct. - Dec.) Among nine members of Phaeophyceae, four of them showed their growth peak during the south-west or the north-east monsoon and other five in the post - monsoon season (Jan - Feb.) Out of the thirteen members of Rhodophyceae studied, seven showed their peak growth during the monsoon season. Caulerpa chemnitzia, C. laetevirns, Colpomenia sinuosa, Sargassum linearifolium, Gelidiella indica and Gracilaria corticata showed two growth peaks. The wide variations in the growth of algal species noted in the present study can be attributed to the fluctuations in the environmental and biological factors. Low temperature, low salinity, rise in water level and turbulence caused by the monsoonal winds, less desiccation and increased nutrient content are some of the major factors which favour the growth of algae during the monsoon seasons. Simple correlation coefficient between environmental parameters and growth of above algae were also recorded.
ON MORPHOLOGY, REPRODUCTION AND CYTOLOGY OF IWANOFFIA TERRESTRIS (IWA.) PASCHER - M.M. SHIROLE, ABHAY SALVE & B.B. CHAUGULE, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, UNIVERSITY OF PUNE, PUNE - 411 007. - PP. 103 - 108.
Abstract: Iwanoffia terrestris (Iwan) Pascher was collected from many places in Pune city. The alga grows luxuriously on moist soils and shows clear-cut heterotrichy. Asexual reproduction was observed to be by biflagellate macro and microzoospores and akinetes. Germination of zoospores into new plants has been followed. Cytological studies showed that the mitosis preceding zoospore formations as well as cell divisions were of the normal eukaryotic type. A chromosome number n (?) = 24 being reported forthe first time.
SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATION OF PRIMARY PRODUCTION IN NETHRAVATHI ESTUARY, MANGALORE. - *GOWDA, G., T.R.C. GUPTA1, H. GOWDA 2, K.M. RAJESH1, C. LINGADHAL1 AND A.M. RAMESH 2 DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY, COLLEGE OF FISHERIES MANGALORE - . DEPARTMENT OF KARNATAKA STATE REMOTE SENSING APPLICATION, BANGALORE, * PART OF PH.D., THESIS SUBMITTED BY THE FIRST AUTHOR TO THE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, BANGALORE - pp. 109 - 118.
Abstract: Spatial and temporal variation of primary productivity was studied during February 1993 and May 1994 in Nethravathi estuary. The rate of primary production varied between 0.04 and 57.01 mg C forming primary peak during post monsoon (Nov. - Dec.) and premonsoon (March - May) and very low production during monsoon season (June-Oct.). The pre and post monsoon peaks were mainly due to the dominance of diatoms, dinoflagellates and green algae which were dominant during monsoon period. Primary production showed positive relationship with phytoplankton, particulate organic carbon, chlorophyll a, carotenoids, temperature and salinity and negative relationship with phaeopigments, nitrate-N and phosphate-P in the Nethravathi estuary.
EFFECTS OF NICKEL AND LEAD ON PITHOPHORA POLYMORPHA WITTROCK (CLADOPHORALES - CHLOROPHYCEAE) - H. SARASWATHY AND A.V. GOVINDARAJ, POST GRADUATE AND RESEARCH DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, PACHAIYAPPA'S COLLEGE, CHENNAI - 600 030. - PP. 119 -
129.
Abstract: The response of Pithophora polymorpha Wittrock to varying concentrations of two heavy metals, namely nickel and lead was studied, under culture conditions, for the first time. The test organism was subjected to treatment of nickel and lead in the concentration ranges of 0.5 ppm by amending Bold's Basal Medium. The morphological features of the alga such as length, breadth of cells and akinetes, the colour of the thallus, percentage of plasmolysed cells, the rate of cell division, nature of chloroplast and formation and germination of akinetes were observed. The biochemical features such as fresh weight, dry weight and estimation of chlorophyll a and b were also studied. Both the heavy metals were found to be inhibitory to growth even at lower concentrations. There was a gradual decrease in both fresh weight and dry weight of the alga in all the concentrations of the two heavy metals used. The contents of chlorophylls a and b were also found to decrease when compared to those of control values and the chloroplasts were found to be turning colourless. There was a delay in the germination of akinetes. Cells treated in high concentration of nickel (10 ppm) and lead (20 ppm) were found to be much more elongated than the normal cells in culture. The percentage of plasmolysed cells in 10 ppm of nickel and 20ppm of lead varied between 40 - 50%. The present study reveals that nickel is more toxic to Pithophora polymorpha Wittrock than lead.
STANDING CROP BIOMASS AND COMPARATIVE DISTRIBUTION OF AGAROPHYTES, ALGINOPHYTES AND OTHER ALGAE IN SOUTH ANDAMAN. - B. MUITHUVELAN*, V.S.K. CHENNUBHOTLA**, K.V.K. NAIR*, V. SAMPATH*, AND M. RAVINDRAN* NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCEAN TECHNOLOGY, NARAYANAPURAM, PALLIKARANAI, CHENNAI - 601 302. ** PLOT NO.597, VAIDEHI NAGAR, VANASTAL PURAM, HYDERABAD - 500 020. - PP. 130 - 138.
Abstract: The seaweed population as biomass, standing crop and their comparative distribution were studied in South Andaman. A total number of 55 species were recorded from major algal divisions of Chlorophyta (29 species), Phaeophyta (15 species) and Rhodophyta (11 species). Out of 55 species only 35 were studid quantitatively because of their abundance. An estimated biomass of 619.67 247.07 g/m and a standing crop of 19110.68 8146.60 were estimated for an area around 40.10 km with a shore length of 212 km. Seaweed vegetation was limited in the inter-tidal zone in urban and mangrove vegetated area but in sub-tidal zone a substantial distribution was recorded except in sandy and muddy bottoms. From the economical point of view the seaweeds were grouped as agarophytes, alginophytes and other algae, in which South Andaman supported more alginophytes vegetation than the others.
SEAWEED STANDING CROP BIOMASS AND COMPARATIVE DISTRIBUTION IN EASTERN SHORELINE OF MIDDLE AND NORTH ISLANDS - B. MUTHUVELAN*, V.S.K. CHENNUBHOTLA**, K.V.K. NAIR*, V. SAMPATH* AND M. RAVINDRAN* - NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCEAN TECHNOLOGY, NARAYANAPURAM, PALLIKARANAI, CHENNAI - 601 302, ** PLOT NO. 597, VAIDEHI NAGAR, VANASTAL PURAM, HYDERABAD - 500 020 - PP. 139 - 148.
Abstract: A quantitative survey was conducted to explore the seaweed resources in Middle and North Andaman Islands. From the economical point of view the seaweeds are grouped into agarophytes, alginophytes and other algae. The total area covered for survey was around 22.4 km in Middle Andaman and 24.78 km in North Andaman with a shore length of 72.9 km and 52.25 km, respectively. In Middle Andaman estimated seaweed biomass was 151.12 66.11 g/m with a total standing crop of 3384.78 1380.71 t, wherein the predominant contributor was alginophytes (2536.18 1140.25). In North Andaman Island also the trend was similar, where the alginophytes represented 2741.43 1188.15 t, from a total standing crop of 3432.31 1607.60 with a biomass of 138.53 28.75 g/m . In both islands the alginophytes showed a sizable percentage (74.93% to 79.87%) of distribution. Since the agarophytes are sparse and meager in quantity they were not included for the analysis. In general, the seaweed distribution in this study area was extremely limited when compared to the other islands of Andaman group.
PHYTOPLANKTON PIGMENTS OF NETHRAVATHI ESTUARY DIURNAL AND TIDAL VARIATIONS. - GOWDA, G., T.R.C. GUPTA*, H. GOWDA**, K.M. RAJESH*, C. LINGADHAL*, AND A.M. RAMESH**, * DEPARTMENTOF FISHERIES ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY, COLLEGE OF FISHERIES, MANGALORE-, ** DEPARTMENT OF KARNATAKA STATE REMOTE SENSING APPLICATION, BANGALORE - pp 149 - 156.
Abstract: Diurnal variation of phytoplankton pigments in Nethravathi estuary was studied for a period of 24 hours from 0600 - 0600 hrs next day at 3 hrs time intervals covering three seasons. Phytoplankton biomass (no.m) and pigments were maximum at 0900 - 1200 hrs and 2100 - 2400 hrs which coincided with high tide (flood). Regular variations were observed for chloroiphyll a, carotenoids and phytoplankton counts with tides. Phytoplankton species diversity, biomass and pigments were high during pre and post monsoon period. Phaeopigments were dominant during ebb tide. Temperature, salinity and lower concentrations of phosphate showed direct relation with high biomass of phytoplankton and chlorophyll a in the Nethravathi estuary.