Predecessor: Ludwig VIII, Landgrave of Hesse Darmstadt
Successor: Ludwig I, Grand Duke of Hesse and by the Rhine
Died: 16 ABR 1790
Father: Ludwig VIII of Hesse Darmstadt
Mother: Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg and Müntzenberg
2) Frederica Louisa (1751-1805), married King Friedrich Wilhelm II of Prussia
3) Ludwig I, Grand Duke of Hesse and by the Rhine (1753-1820),
4) Amalie (1754-1832), married Karl Ludwig, Hereditary Prince of Baden
5) Wilhelmina Louisa (1755-1776), married Grand Duke Pavel Petrovich of Russia, later emperor
6) Louisa Augusta (1757-1830), married Karl August, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
7) Frederick (1759-1802)
8) Christian (1763-1830)