Hindsight
By
Guy Kawasaki (One of the founders of Apple computers)
Palo
Alto High School Baccalaureate Speech 6/11/95
Speaking
to you today marks a milestone in my life. I am 40 years old. 22 years
ago, when I was in your seat, I never, ever thought I would be 40 years
old.
The
implications of being your speaker frightens me. For one thing, when a
40 year old geeser spoke at my baccalaureate ceremony,? He was about
the last person I'd believe. I have no intention of giving you the boring
speech that you are dreading. This speech will be short, sweet, and not
boring.
I am
going to talk about hindsights today. Hindsights that I've accumulated
in the 20 years from where you are to where I am. Don't blindly believe
me. Don't take what I say as "truth." Just listen.
Perhaps my experience can help you out a tiny bit.
I will
present them ala David Letterman. Yes, 40-year old people can still
stay up past 11.
#10:
Live off your parents as long as possible.
When I spoke at this ceremony two years ago, this was the most popular
hindsight-except from the point of view of the parents. Thus, I knew I
was on
the right track.
I was a diligent Oriental in high school and college. I took college-level
classes
and earned college-level credits. I rushed through college in 3 1/2 years.
I
never traveled or took time off because I thought it wouldn't prepare me
for
work and it would delay my graduation. Frankly, I blew it.
You are going to work the rest of your lives, so don't be in a rush to
start.
Stretch out your college education. Now is the time to suck life into your
lungs - before you have a mortgage, kids, and car payments. Take whole
semester off to travel overseas. Take jobs and internships that pay less
money
or no money. Investigate your passions on your parent's nickel. Or dime.
Or
quarter. Or dollar. Your goal should be to extend college to at least six
years.
Delay, as long as possible, the inevitable entry into the workplace and
a
lifetime of servitude to bozos who know less than you do, but who make
more money. Also, you shouldn't deprive your parents of the pleasure of
supporting you.
#9:
Pursue joy, not happiness.
This is probably the hardest lesson of all to learn. It probably
seems to you
that the goal in life is to be "happy." Oh, you maybe have to sacrifice
and
study and work hard, but, by and large, happiness should be predictable.
Nice house. Nice car. Nice material things. Take my word for it,
happiness
is temporary and fleeting. Joy, by contrast, is unpredictable. It comes
from
pursuing interests and passions that do not obviously result in happiness.
Pursuing joy, not happiness will translate into one thing over the next
few
years for you: Study what you love. This may also not be popular with
parents. When I went to college, I was "marketing driven." It's also an
Oriental thing. I looked at what fields had the greatest job opportunities
and
prepared myself for them. This was brain dead. There are so many ways
to make a living in the world, it doesn't matter that you've taken all
the "right"
courses. I don't think one person on the original Macintosh team had a
classic
"computer science" degree.
You parents have a responsibility in this area. Don't force your kids to
follow
in your footsteps or to live your dreams. My father was a senator in Hawaii.
His dream was to be a lawyer, but he only had a high school education.
He
wanted me to be a lawyer. For him, I went to law school. For me,
I quit after
two weeks. I view this a terrific validation of my inherent intelligence.
#8:
Challenge the known and embrace the unknown.
One of the biggest mistakes you can make in life is to accept the known
and
resist the unknown. You should, in fact, do exactly the opposite: challenge
the
known and embrace the unknown.
Let me tell you a short story about ice. In the late 1800s there was a
thriving
ice industry in the Northeast. Companies would cut blocks of ice from frozen
lakes and ponds and sell them around the world. The largest single
shipment
was 200 tons that was shipped to India. 100 tons got there unmelted, but
this
was enough to make a profit.
These ice harvesters, however, were put out of business by companies that
invented mechanical ice makers. It was no longer necessary to cut and ship
ice
because companies could make it in any city during any season.
These ice makers, however, were put out of business by refrigerator
companies. If it was convenient to make ice at a manufacturing plant, imagine
how much better it was to make ice and create cold storage in everyone's
home.
You would think that the ice harvesters would see the advantages of ice
making and adopt this technology. However, all they could think about was
the known: better saws, better storage, better transportation.
Then you would think that the ice makers would see the advantages of
refrigerators and adopt this technology. The truth is that the ice harvesters
couldn't embrace the unknown and jump their curve to the next curve.
Challenge the known and embrace the unknown, or you'll be like the ice
harvester and ice makers.
#7:
Learn to speak a foreign language, play a musical instrument, and play
non-contact sports.
Learn a foreign language. I studied Latin in high school because I thought
it
would help me increase my vocabulary. It did, but trust me when I tell
you it's
very difficult to have a conversation in Latin today other than at the
Vatican.
And despite all my efforts, the Pope has yet to call for my advice.
Learn to play a musical instrument. My only connection to music today
is that I
was named after Guy Lombardo. Trust me: it's better than being named
after
Guy's brother, Carmen. Playing a musical instrument could be with me now
and
stay with me forever. Instead, I have to buy CDs at Tower.
I played football. I loved football. Football is macho. I was a middle
linebacker
arguably, one of the most macho positions in a macho game. But you should
also learn to play a non-contact sport like basketball or tennis. That
is, a sport
you can play when you're over the hill.
It will be as difficult when you're 40 to get twenty two guys together
in a
stadium to play football as it is to have a conversation in Latin, but
all the people
who wore cute, white tennis outfits can still play tennis. And all the
macho
football players are sitting around watching television and drinking beer.
#6:
Continue to learn.
Learning is a process not an event. I thought learning would be over when
I got
my degree. It's not true. You should never stop learning. Indeed, it gets
easier
to learn once you're out of school because it's easier to see the relevance
of
why you need to learn.
You're learning in a structured, dedicated environment right now. On your
parent's nickel. But don't confuse school and learning. You can go to school
and not learn a thing. You can also learn a tremendous amount without school.
#5:
Learn to like yourself or change yourself until you can like yourself.
I know a forty year old woman who was a drug addict. She is a mother of
three. She traced the start of her drug addiction to smoking dope in high
school.
I'm not going to lecture you about not taking drugs. Hey, I smoked dope
in high
school. Unlike Bill Clinton, I inhaled. Also unlike Bill Clinton, I exhaled.
This woman told me that she started taking drugs because she hated herself
when she was sober. She did not like drugs so much as much as she hated
herself. Drugs were not the cause though she thought they were the
solution.
She turned her life around only after she realized that she was in a downward
spiral. Fix your problem. Fix your life. Then you won't need to take drugs.
Drugs are neither the solution nor the problem.
Frankly, smoking, drugs, alcohol--and using an IBM PC--are signs of stupidity.
End of discussion.
#4:
Don't get married too soon.
I got married when I was 32. That's about the right age. Until you're about
that
age, you may not know who you are. You also may not know who you're
marrying.
I don't know one person who got married too late. I know many people who
got married too young. If you do decide to get married, just keep in mind
that
you need to accept the person for what he or she is right now.
#3:
Play to win and win to play.
Playing to win is one of the finest things you can do. It enables you to
fulfill your
potential. It enables you to improve the world and, conveniently, develop
high
expectations for everyone else too.
And what if you lose? Just make sure you lose while trying somethin grand.
Avinash Dixit, an economics professor at Princeton, and Barry Nalebuff,
an
economics and management professor at the Yale School of Organization and
Management, say it this way:
"If you are going to fail, you might as well fail at a difficult task.
Failure causes
others to downgrade their expectations of you in the future.
The seriousness
of this problem depends on what you attempt."
In its purest form, winning becomes a means, not an end, to improve yourself
and your competition. Winning is also a means to play again. The
unexamined
life may not be worth living, but the unlived life is not worth examining.
The
rewards of winning--money, power, satisfaction, and self-confidence--should
not be squandered.
Thus, in addition to playing to win, you have a second, more important
obligation: To compete again to the depth and breadth and height that your
soul
can reach. Ultimately, your greatest competition is yourself.
#2:
Obey the absolutes.
Playing to win, however, does not mean playing dirty. As you grow older
and
older, you will find that things change from absolute to relative. When
you were
very young, it was absolutely wrong to lie, cheat, or steal.
As you get older, and particularly when you enter the workforce, you will
be
tempted by the "system" to think in relative terms. "I made more money."
"I
have a nicer car." "I went on a better vacation."
Worse, "I didn't cheat as much on my taxes as my partner." "I just
have a few
drinks. I don't take cocaine." "I don't pad my expense reports as much
as
others."
This is completely wrong. Preserve and obey the absolutes as much as you
can. If you never lie, cheat, or steal, you will never have
to remember who
you lied to, how you cheated, and what you stole. There absolutely are
absolute rights and wrongs.
#1:
Enjoy your family and friends before they are gone.
This is the most important hindsight. It doesn't need much explanation.
I'll just
repeat it: Enjoy your family and friends before they are gone.
Nothing-not money, power, or fame-can replace your family and friends or
bring them back once they are gone. Our greatest joy has been our baby,
and I
predict that children will bring you the greatest joy in your lives--especially
if
they graduate from college in four years.
And now, I'm going to give you one extra hindsight because I've probably
cost
your parents thousands of dollars today. It's something that I hate
to admit to.
By and large, the older you get, the more you're going to realize that
your
parents were right. More and more-until finally, you become your parents.
I
know you're all saying, "Yeah, right." Mark my words.
Remember these ten things: if just one of them helps you helps just one
of you,
this speech will have been a success.
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