Traditionally Lnu’k and Pi’tawkewaq shared the lands of Ktaqmkuk. We often harvested from each other’s territory, assisted each other and exchanged goods and information. We Lnu’k had a cautionary relationship with the immigrating nations and kept mostly close to south and west coast areas where we had access to their goods and priests. Our Pi’tawkewaq relatives were always at war with the immigrating nation’s peoples and kept mostly to the deep interior and northern regions to escape being murdered by them.
The rivers of Ktaqmkuk are our main highways,
most notable of which is the great Gander River, whose original name has been
lost but came to be known as Akilasiye'wa'kik after the immigrating
nations’ peoples had begun settling near its mouth and exploiting its interior.
Both our peoples harvested along Akilasiye’wa’kik. We Lnu’k also used it when
we needed to see the priests on the northeast coast of Ktaqmkuk.
During initial Land Rights negotiations with the governments of Canada and Newfoundland and Labrador, our government disputed the government of Newfoundland and Labrador’s claim to a large portion of our whole traditional territory, which included most of the southern half of Ktaqmkuk. The most recent map of Miawpukek Mi’kma’ki (617 kb) does not include the territories of First Nations under the umbrella of the Federation of Newfoundland Indians (FNI).
MI’KMA’KI PLACENAMES
The following is from the publication "KIILUSUAQANEY WI'KATIKIIN', compiled by John Hewson, Department of Linguistics, Memorial University of Newfoundland, August 1978. Offering the knowledge of Mi'kmaw Elders Mattieu (Matthew Jeddore), Nickly (Nicholas Jeddore) and Piel (Peter Jeddore), all now deceased. (Please note: I wasn't able to utilize the Crossed I (ii=barred I '†') or Shwa, so I substituted the double i (ii) instead)
(BL - Burgeo-La Poile; HC - Hermitage-Conne; C - Conne River; FB - Fortune Bay; PB - Placentia Bay; B - Bonavista; E - Exploits; SG - St. George's.
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1. Anmali'jek |
Annie Lake (FB) |
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2. Aniapskwoj |
Annieopsquotch Mountains (E) |
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3. Attuenek |
Anthony's Pond (MC) |
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4. Newkteypukuit |
Bachelor's Point (C) |
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5. Pa'qamikekewey Sipu |
Badger River (E) |
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6. Kutapsku'j |
Barachois (C) |
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7. Elue'wie'katik |
Barachois Harbour (C) |
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8. Paskwe'wa'kik |
Basque Brook (E) |
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9. Lapiite'spe'1 |
Bay d' Espoir (C) |
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10. Wjipene'katik |
Bay d' Est (HC) |
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11. Stekswe'katik |
Bay d' Est Brook (MC) |
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12. Oqwatiinipukwek |
Bay Du Nord (HC and FB) |
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13. Elmastukwek |
Bay of Islands (SG) |
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14. Walnainkiaq |
Beach Cove (FB) |
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15. Piilna'lji'jek |
Bernard's Pond (MC) |
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16. Muinaqan |
Berry Hill (C) |
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17. Pekwotapaq |
Big Cove (HC) |
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18. Meski'k Walney |
Big Cove (C) |
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19. Panuek |
Big Flats (C) |
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20. Maskwiktuk |
Birch Island (C) |
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21. Miiniko'mey |
Birch Rind Pond (B) |
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22. Kjipa'tiilia'sewey Qapskuk |
Bishops Falls (E) |
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23. Wi'kujiimejue'katik |
Bittern Cove (C) |
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24. Maqtewey Sipu |
Black River (PB) |
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25. Maqtewapkek |
Black Rock (BL) |
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26. Kumijk |
Boat Cove (C) |
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27. Pa'si'lek |
Brazil Lake (MC) |
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28. Najioqonuk |
Burgeo (BL) |
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29. Qaqsit Piim'tin |
Burnt Mill (BL and B) |
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30. Eptewiktu'j |
Burnt Naps (FB) |
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31. Petewikpe'k |
Burnt Pond (BL) |
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32. Petewikek |
Burnt Pond (HC) |
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33. Pejuwe'katik |
Fish Cove (C) |
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34. Qaqtek Kiimu'j |
Burnt Woods (C) |
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35. Saqskiitek |
Cape La Hune (BL) |
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36. A'kusiinji'jk We'katik |
Carrols' Hat (FB) |
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37. Mijua'ji'jue'katik |
Child Brook (B) |
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38. Kiilo'tek |
Claude Pond (FB) |
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39. Pkawe'katik |
Clay Bank (C) |
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40. E'se'katik |
Cock-'n-Hen Cove, |
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41. Katalisk Sipu |
St. Joseph's Cove (C) |
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42. Miawpukwek |
Codroy River (SG) Conne River (C) |
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43. Epuntekewey |
Cormack's Lake (E) |
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44. Paqju'pe'k |
Crooked Lake (MC) |
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45. Paqjuastukwek |
Crooked Still (B) |
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46. Klujjiewpe'k |
Cross Pond (E) |
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47. Qa'qaqwejwe'katik |
Crow Head (C) |
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48. Kuow Nikan |
Dead Man's Portage (HC) |
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49. Piilestoq |
Dead Wolf River (B) |
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50. Pejipukwek |
Deep Cove (C) |
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51. Qalipue'katik |
Deer Lake (SC) |
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52. Iiliimu'ji'jua'kik |
Dog Island (HC) |
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53. Iiliimu'juey Miiniku |
Dog Island (UC) |
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54. Iiliimu'juekatik |
Dog Pond, Newton Pond (MC) |
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55. Niwe'kewey Qospem |
Dry Pond, Shallow Pond (BL) |
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56. Epiikiin'pe'k |
Ebbegunbaeg Lake (BL) |
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57. Akiilasie'we'katik |
English Harbour (FB) |
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58. Sple'tk |
Exploits River (E) |
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59. Mtewekiinatku'jk |
Flagstaff Mill (FB) |
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60. Wli Miinikuk |
Fox Island (C) |
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61. Wowkwisue'katik |
Fox Ridge Brook (E) |
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62. Kukumijinaweynu |
Friar (MC) |
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63. Kelu'sitew |
Gaff Topsail (E) |
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64. Akiilasiye'wa'kik Qospem |
Gander Lake (B) |
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65. Akilasiye'wa'kik |
Gander River (B) |
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66. Ketuastukwek |
George's Lake (SG) |
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67. Qapskuk |
Grand Falls (E) |
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68. Wli Qospem |
Grand Lake (SG) |
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69. Nqanaqaniik |
Grey River (BL) |
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70. A'qatayik |
Halfway Mountain (E) |
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71. Apiili'kiimijue'katik |
Hare Mill (C) & Hare Bay (BL) |
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72. Keskwotekewey Qospem |
Harry1s Pond? (SG) |
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73. Ksinukwaqano'kuomk |
Hospital Mill (FB, PB?) |
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74. Awliek Unikan |
Howley's Portage (E) |
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75. Maqtukwek |
Humber River (SG) |
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76. Sa'pie'lek |
Ile Riche (C) |
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77. Iilnue'kwiisawey |
Indian Point (C) |
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78. Iilnu Epij |
Indian Sit-down Pond (HC) |
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79. Miinikupe'k |
Island Pond (MC) |
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80. Kieto'lek |
Jeddore's Pond (MC) |
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81. Ja'luiek |
John Lewis Hill (MC) |
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82. Aputamkiejituey |
Juniper Cove (C) |
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83. Ke'kutek |
Kaegudeck Lake (FB) |
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84. Kepiinkek |
Kepenkeck Lake (B) |
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85. Lapwelk |
La Poile (BL) |
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86. Wen'ju'ksname'katik |
Lace Cove (C) |
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87. Weskituapitk |
Large Marsh (C) |
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88. Petewike'ji'jk |
Little Burnt Pond (MC) |
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89. Panue'ji'jk |
Little Flats (C) |
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90. Kiiloqontiejue'katik |
Little Gull Brook |
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91. Wta'qan'ji'jk |
Little Paddle Pond |
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92. Awaqan'ji'jk |
Little Portage (HC |
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93. Jipu'jj'j |
Little River (C) |
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94. Jipu'ji'juey Qospem |
Little River Pond |
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95. Malike'wji'jue'katik |
Little Round Pond |
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96. Pu'taye'katik |
Lloyd's Pond (E) |
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97. Jakejuikuom |
Lobster Mouse Lake (SG) |
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98. Ptuikanji'j |
Log Cabin (SG) |
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99. Pijipukwek |
Long Harbour (FB) |
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100. Newktipukwi'tek |
Long Point (SG) |
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101. Pita'qji'jk |
Long Point (C) |
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102. Pita'q Qospem |
Long Pond (MC) |
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103. Wa'li'jek |
Long Pond (MC) |
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104. Mekapiisk |
Long Range Mountains (SG) |
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105. Pluchio paeg |
Cross Pond/King George V Lake |
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106. Amasamkitkewey |
Long Rapids (HC) |
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107. Sko'pa'qan |
Lookout Mountain (MC) |
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108. Kwimue'katik |
Loon Cove (C) |
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109. Qaskue'katik |
McKell Pond (FB) |
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110. Metoqonikanek |
Meddonegannix Lake (FB) |
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111. Milpe'k |
Meelpaeg (BL) |
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112. Mekwaye'katik |
Middle Ridge (FB) |
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113. Mikel Piim'tiin |
Miguel Hill (E) |
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114. Jo'mikelek |
Miguel's Brook (E) |
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115. Jo'mikelji'jk |
Miguel's Brook (B) |
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116. Mulink |
Milltown (C) |
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117. Piilamuipke'katik |
Mint Brook (B) |
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118. Mikliin |
Miquelon (C) |
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119. Malikujek |
Mollyguajek Lake (B) |
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120. Mulisek |
Morrisville (C) |
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121. Apiita'kwejituiktuk |
Mount Peyton (B) |
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122. Prnaqtiin |
Mount Sylvester (FB) |
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123. Ki'kwesue'katik |
Muskrat Point (C) |
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124. Ktaqamk |
Newfoundland |
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125. Mekwejite'wa'kik |
Newfoundland, Red Indian Land |
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126. Ktaqamkuk |
Newfoundland, in Newfoundland |
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127. Nuelpo'lek |
Noel Paul's Brook (E) |
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128. Niimaqtiin |
Noel Paul's Hill (E) |
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129. Asokomotaqan |
Noel Paul1s Steady (E) |
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130. Nanetek |
Noneduck Lake (FB) |
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131. Kepapskek |
Norris Arm (E) |
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132. Wolnape'k |
Northern Harbour (SG) |
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133. Kiunikuikuomk |
Otter Point (C) |
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134. Kwetapet |
Ox Point (C) |
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135. Piilawejuiktuk |
Partridge Island (MC) |
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136. Metoqwamkwa'ii'jk |
Partridge Point (C) |
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137. Wiskimane'katik |
Partridgeberry Hill (B) |
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138. Pie'l'ja'nek |
Peter John1s Marsh (B) |
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139. Kulkwi'ji'jue'katik |
Pig's Head (C) |
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140. Timaqanapskwe'katik |
Pipestone Pond (MC) |
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141. Pliisantek |
Placentia (PB) |
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142. Kwesawatkek |
Point Woods (HC) |
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143. Siinalk |
Port-aux-Basques (BL) |
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144. Papke'k Unikan |
Portage Lake (FB) |
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145. Pa'tiilia'suiqapskuk |
Priest Falls (MC) |
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146. Putops |
Pudops Lake (MC) |
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147. Piiskwa'taqan'ji'j |
Pushthrough (MC) |
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148. Amasipukwek |
Quillier (MC) |
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149. Qapsku'jk |
Rattling Falls (E) |
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150. Mekwiisaqji'jit |
Red Cliff (FB) |
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151. Mekwiisaqji'jitewey Qospem |
Red Cliff Lake (FB) |
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152. Mekwe'jite'wa'kik Qapskuk |
Red Indian Falls (E) |
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153. Mekwe'jite'wa'kik |
Red Indian Lake (F:) |
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154. Mekwe'jite'wey Asko'piiti |
Red Indian Lookout (E) |
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155. Kupiilek |
Rich Pond (B) |
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156. Kun'tew Nikan |
Rock Portage, Serpentine Hill (MC) |
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157. Kun'tewik |
Rocky Brook (C) |
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158. Kun'tew Nemla'tek |
Rocky Point (C) |
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159. Lu'tik |
Roti Harbour, Roti Point (C) |
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160. Mpiisqa'lpe'k |
Round Pond (C) |
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161. Nasunike'ji'jk |
Rushy Pond (F:) |
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162. Aklasie'wa'ki'jk |
SW. Gander River (B) |
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163. Salaweye'katik |
Salt Pond (C & B) |
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164. Nukamkia'ji'jk |
Sandy Harbour (PB) |
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165. Kwesawamkiaq |
Sandy Point (SG) |
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166. Kwesawamkiaq |
Sandy Point) (C) |
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167. Nukamkia'ji'jk |
Sandy Pond (HC) |
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168. Sesoqte'kiiniik |
Scaffold Mill (B) |
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169. Sipko'p |
Ship Cove, St. Alban's (C) |
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170. Wen'ju'ksnane'katik |
Shoe Hill Ridge (FB) |
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171. Sulieweye'katik |
Silver Pond (SG) |
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172. Suliek |
Soulis Pond (B) |
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173. Sulia'nek |
Soulis Pond (HC) |
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174. Malia'nek |
South Pond (C) |
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175. Kotaliek |
Spring Water Pond, Cold Spring Pond(HC) |
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176. Kawatkwiktuk |
Spruce Point (C) |
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177. Kawatkwi'kiin |
Spruce Pond (B) |
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178. Seta'newe'katik |
St. Anne's Point (C) |
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179. Nujio'qon |
St. George's (SG) |
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180. Nujio'qoniik |
St. George S Bay (SG) |
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181. Nujio'qoniik |
St. George's River (SG) |
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182. San'patistek |
St. John's Island (FB) |
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183. Sape'wik |
St. Joseph's (C) |
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184. Senpir |
St. Pierre Island (C) |
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185. Wen'juikjikan |
St Pierre Town (C) |
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186. Steksue'katik |
Stag Lake |
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187. Ekkianek |
Stephensons Pond (BL) |
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188. Tisawiaqane'katik |
Tan Pot Falls (F:) |
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189. Piiteweye'katik |
Tea Pond (C) |
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190. Tiimi'kiine'katik |
Temeekan Pond (BL) |
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191. Pekwatapaq |
Terra Nova Lake (B) |
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192. Mekwiskajk |
Terra Nova River (B) |
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193. Sapalqek |
Through Hill (HC) |
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194. Kepe'k |
Tickle, Straight (C) |
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195. Ke'kutek |
Top Pond (BL) |
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196. Tepaqanaskwe'katik |
Train Hill,(C) |
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197. Pekwatapaq |
Troth Mountain Brook (F:) |
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198. Kun'tewi'ji'jk |
Trout Brook |
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199. Atoqwa'sue'katik |
Trout River (SG) |
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200. Jijuikatejue'katik |
Twillick Pond (MC) |
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201. Wipetikiil |
Twin Lakes (F:) |
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202. Pekwatatek |
Twin Neck (HC) |
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203. Pastunkeywa'kik |
United States |
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204. Tewnasik |
Upper Burgeo Estuary (BL) |
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205. Qapskuk |
Victoria Lake Falls (E) |
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206. Skusuimiiniku |
Weasel Island (C) |
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207. Wen'ji'kuomji'jk |
Wenjeegwomjeesh Lake (B) |
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208. Wapeskue'katik |
White Bear Bay (BL) |
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209. Wapesk Sipu |
White Bear River (BL) |
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210. Wapeyk Piim'tin |
White Hill (MC) |
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211. Etli-unaqatejita'jik |
Wing Point (C) |
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212. Nimnoqone'katik |
Witch Hazel Hills (MC) |
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213. Paqtiisiimuiktuk |
Wolf River and Lake (BL) |
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214. Paqtiisiimuipiim'tin |
Wolf Ridge, Mountain (BL) |
