"Bartolomineo Cristofori of Florence, 1711. "
"Cristofori's Escapement Action, 1720. Restored in 1873 by Cesare Ponsicchi."

"Schroeter's Model for an Action, 1721."
"Frederici's Upright Grand Piano Action, 1745. In the museum of the Brussels Conservatoire."

"Mason's Action. From Rimbault: slightly modified for the sake of clarity."
"Mason, London, 1755."

"Hammer and Lifter of altered Harpsichord by Brock. Instrument in the collection of Mr. Kendrick Pyne, Manchester."
"Zumpe's Square Piano Action, 1766."

"Single action. [1767]"
"Grand Piano Action, 1776. The 'English' action of Americus Backers."

"Stein's Action (the earliest so-called Viennese), 1780."
"Johann Andreas Stein's Action, 1780"

"Old Piano Action on the German principle of Escapement. Square Piano belonging to M. Gosselin, Brussels."
"German Square Action, 1783. Piano by Wagner, Dresden."

"The common action."
"Broadwood's grand action"

"The square pianoforte action with the damper. [Southwell, 1794]"
"Action of Old English Piano"

"Harmomelo. Pfeiffer et Cie, 1806."
"The [Wornum upright, 1811]"

"Transposing Pianoforte. Erard, 1812."
"English Sticker Upright Action, 1820"

"Checked-sticker action [Southwell, 1821] "
"Duoclave Pianoforte. Erard, 1821"

"Erard's grand action."
"Erard's Improvements on Pianofortes and other Keyed Musical Instruments. [1821]"

"Smart's repetition action, 1823."
"Johann Baptist Streicher's Action, 1824"

"Kollmann's down-striking action, 1825."
"The double or piccolo action [Wornum upright, 1826]"

"Double action [Wornum, 1826]"
"Wornum's Upright Action, 1826. The original of the now universal crank action in upright pianos."

"Thomas Loud's down-striking action, 1827."
"Blanchet and Roller's Action for Upright Pianofortes, 1829. "

"Down-striking action by Ebenezer Currier, 1831."
"Lichtenthal Patent No. 538 [1832]"

"Pianoforte with 'Continuous Sounds'. Pape, 1834"
"Eulriot's Lyre-shaped Pianoforte, 1834."

"Pape's pianoforte with resonator in the form of a copper bowl, 1834."
"Soufleto's action for Upright Pianofortes, 1836."

"Down-striking action by Pape, 1839."
"Improvements [to Broadwood's grand action] by Southwell."

"Mr. Wornum's new Grand Action."
"Mr. Zeiter's new Grand Action."

"Pianoforte with the sound-board above the strings, Herz, 1843."
"Repetition Action. Kriegelstein, 1844."

"Mécanisme général"
"Cromwell Pianoforte with harmonic sounds. Eng. Pat. No. 10,937 (1845)."

"Bord's Double Escapement Action, 1846."
"Square Piano Action"

"Melodicon with Drums', 1847. [Nunns & Fischer]"
"Erard-Herz Grand Action, Paris, 1850"

"Pape's Action with double hammers ... 1850."
"Hopkinson's patent 'Tremelo check action' of 1851. (A simplified version.)"

"Dimoline's Compensation pianoforte mechanism"
"Cary's Repeating Action. [1853]"

"the Molinoux spring and loop action. [1862]"
"Mekanik för stĺende instrument"

"Repetitionsmekanik"
"Nedĺt slĺende mekanik"

"the Brinsmead grand action"
"Pleyel, Wolff et Cie"

"Mécanisme moderne"
"Upright piano-forte actions of Steinway and Sons"

"Horizontal...piano-forte actions of Steinway and Sons [1881]"
"Steinway's Grand Piano Action, 1884. The double escapement as in Erard's, but with shortened balance and usual check."

"Erard's Double Escapement Action, 1884."
"Broadwood's Grand Piano Action, 1884. English direct mechanism."

"Collard's (properly, Stewart's) grand action"
"Collard's Grand Piano Action, 1884. English action with reversed hopper and contrivance for repetition added."

"Brown Grand Action"

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