BUN Normals: 8 - 23 Indications: Elevated: ARF, shock, Dehydration, CHF, Vomiting, GI Bleeding. Decreased: Overhydration, Low Protien, Liver Disease. Creatinine Normals: 0.4 - 1.5 Indications: Mostly easily excreted by the kidney, Elevation indicates impaired renal function. Urine Osmol Normals: 80 - 1300 mosm/kg Indications: To determine the concentrating ability of the kidneys. Urine Lytes Normals: Na+ 4 - 22 mmol/L K+ 2.5 - 12 mmol/L Cl 11 - 25 mmol/L Urine pH Normals: 405 - 7.5 Indications: > 6.0 - Urine infection, alkalosis, K+ depletion. < 6.0 - metabolic acidosis, repiratory acidosis, pyrexia. Specific Gravity Normals: 1.010 - 1.025 Indications: The degree of urine concentration. Where the ability to concentrate urine is impaired renal impairment is suspected. Blood Electrolytes Normals: Sodium 136 - 142 meq/L Na is important in fluid balance due to its effect on osmotic pressure. Hyponatremia - In diabetic cases, dehydration, uremia, diarrhea. Hypernatremia - May result from ARF, or increased adreno- cortical acitivity. Potassium 4.0 - 5.4 meq/L Essential to proper muscular function and electrical conduction. Hypokalemia - Alkalosis, ARF, diuresis, vomiting. If insulin admistered a fall of 1.0 meq/L in K is expected. Low K+ will result in cardiac irritability. Hyperkalemia - ARF, excessive replacement of K+, High K+ will result in cardiac flaccidity. Chloride 100 - 110 meq/L Major contributor to cellular integrity with its effect on osmotic pressure. Hypochloremia - Vomiting, acidosis, Addison's, diarrhea. Hyperchloremia - In diseases that manifest renal impairment. Amylase Normals: 23 - 85 iu/L Indications: Secreted by the pancreas. Diagnostic for pancreatitis if elevated. Fond to be low in liver disease. Bilirubin A product of the breakdown of hemoglobin. Normals: Direct 0 -0.3 mg/dl Diagnostic of liver and gall bladder disease. Total 0.1- 1.2 mg/dl Diagnostic of hemolytic anemia, blood imcompatibility and gall bladder disease. Lipase Normals: 4 - 24 u/dl Indications: Secreted in pancreas and functions in the digestion of fats. Diangnostic for acute Pancreatitis. Sed. Rate Normals: Male 0 - 10 mm/hr Females 0 - 20 mm/hr Indications: Rapidity with which the RBC settles out of unclotted blood in 1 hour. Rough index of the progress of an inflammatory disease. Does not tell us where the fire is but does indicate how hot it is. Other Laboratory Values Magnesium MG Normals: 2.1 - 1.7 mg/dl. Critical: < 1.0 or > 3.5 Calcium CA+ Normals: 8.5 -10.7 mg/dl Phosphorus PO4 Normals: 2.5 - 4.6 Glucose Normals: 65 - 120 mg/100ml Uric Acid Normals: Male 3.4 - 7 Female 2.4 - 5.7 Hemoglobin HGB Normals: Male 14.0 - 18.0 Female 12.0 - 16.0 Hematocrit HCT Normals: Male 42 - 52 % Female 37 - 47 % White Blood Cell Count WBC Normals: 5.0 - 10.0 k/UL Red Blood Cell Count RBC Normals: Males 4.70 - 6.10 M/UL Females 4.20 - 5.40 M/UL Artial Blood Gases Blood pH 7.35 - 7.45 PCO2 35 - 45 PO2 80 - 100 HCO3 24 - 26 Ref. Fingertip File for Critical Care Nurses. Donna Farrell Tennant R.N. Anne E. Erickson M.D. Commander SFEF Stardate 55151.27 02-24-02 |
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