m. ELIZABETH JOUATT
Richard and Elizabeth arrived in 1620 in Plymouth on the "Mayflower".
2I. ELIZABETH- m.c.1636 RICHARD CHURCH (d. 27 Dec. 1668 Dedham), d. 4 Mar. 1670 Hingham
Ref:
History of the Town of Hingham- Vol.II, p.125
1. JAMES-
b.c.1620 Berwick, Scotland?
m. MARGARET ______ (b. Ireland, d. 1713 Berwick, ME)
d. 1702 Berwick, ME
will 9 Dec.-24 Dec. 1702
Having defeated the Royalists in England and beheaded
the king in 1649, Cromwell proceeded to the conquest of
Ireland where his fanatical "Croppies" spent the following
summer in turning that country into a bloody shambles.
Defended or defenseless towns were laid low and his
butcheries spared neither the armed nor unarmed. The
fanatical Puritan, feeling that he had wiped out the hated
Catholics for a generation at least, was aroused by a new
challenge in his ruthless progress. The Scottish Parliament
had proclaimed the youthful Prince Charles, then a fugitive
at the Hague, as their king. The Proclamation was
provisional, however, requiring him to subscribe to to their
Covenant and accept Parliamentary direction in civil affairs
and to the Presbyterian Assembly in ecclesiastical matters.
Embarrassing as these terms were, he decided to comply with
them, and this situation created a new menace to the
Commonwealth and to Cromwell. With his veterans from Ireland
as a nucleus, the insatiable "Noll" gathered an army of about
16,000 of which a third were mounted troops. With these he
invaded the last kingdom remaining loyal to the Crown and,
reaching Edinburgh after some skirmishes he marched his army
to Dunbar, a town on the east coast of Scotland just south of
the Firth of Forth. By this time his new levies were rapidly
decreasing in numbers through disease and fatigue of the
forced marches. Supplies could only reach him by sea at
Dunbar as General David Leslie in command of the Scottish
troops had seized the passes which furnished the only retreat
from Scotland to Durham and Berwick-on-Tweed. Leslie's
troops outnumbered Cromwell's army, but they were
undisciplined clansmen unused to war in its technical aspects
and the Scottish general declined to give open battle hoping
to starve out Cromwell then hemmed in on the narrow peninsula
of Dunbar. Meanwhile the young King Charles had arrived from
Holland and joined this motley military organization to the
great joy of the clansmen and made himself popular by sharing
their rough camp life and engaging in some of the daily
skirmishes at the outposts. These "braw laddies" showed
their preference for his leadership over the capped and
gowned committee of argumentative Covenanters who were busy
purging the force of unbelievers until they had eliminated
all or most of its skillful soldiers. Then, satisfied that
they had an army of approved saints, they demanded that the
king retire from the front and leave the direction of the
campaign to them. Wishing to take an advantage of a
favorable opportunity, Leslie proposed to attack Cromwell on
Sunday, but the fanatical dominies would not permit him to
break the Sabbath even for this desirable purpose. Night and
day these theological crusaders wrestled with the Lord in
prayer and finally had assurance in a "revelation" that the
Lord of Hosts would deliver Agag (Cromwell) into their hands.
They ordered Leslie to attack. Descending from the heights
of Lammermoor which overlooked Cromwell's camp they reached
the plains of Dunbar. Cromwell, observing this movement did
not need any "revelation" to tell him that the Lord of Hosts
was about to deliver them into his hands. He had been
waiting for that hour as his only salvation. He gave orders
for an immediate attack in force and though greatly inferior
in numbers his disciplined troops soon showed their
superiority over the untrained but brave clansmen. Leslie's
army was routed and Cromwell's cavalry pursued the
disorganized Covenanters with great slaughter. The chief if
not the only resistance to his onslaught was made by a
regiment of Highlanders who fought with great desperation as
they had learned from his conquest of Ireland the tales that
Cromwell would put all men to the sword and thrust hot irons
through women's breasts. Three thousand Scots fell in this
disaster fighting hopelessly to the last, 10,000 were taken
prisoner. About half of the latter were so exhausted and
disabled by wounds that Cromwell immediately released them.
He wrote that he had lost only twenty men in this battle and
he had every reason to believe that the Lord had given him
the victory.
Of the 5,000 able-bodied prisoners that marched down to
Durham cathedral only 3,500 survived the march and raw
cabbage which killed with the "flux". The cathedral had been
converted into a prison where these unfortunate Highlanders
were destined to spend an indefinate period as captives of
war. Their disposition was a problem both from a sanitary
and political standpoint.
An opportunity was presented to the officials of the
commonwealth in London. Laborers were greatly needed in the
new American colonies and on 19 Sept. 1650, sixteen days
after the battle, there was an order in council passed to
deliver 900 prisoners for transportation to Virginia and 150
for New England. James was one of 150 survivors selected as
"well and sound and free of wound" on behalf of John Becx &
Co. of the Saugus Iron Works to be delivered to Augustine
Walker of Charlestown master of the "Unity" which sailed 11
Nov. 1650. Sixty of the prisoners were destined for the iron
works in Saugus and the remainder were distributed throughout
numerous towns in Massachusetts and New Hampshire in a kind
of modified slavery or compulsory service which was to
terminate in seven years. John Cotton had his qualms about
this camouflaged slavery. In a letter to Cromwell dated
Boston 28 July 1651 he said: "The Scots whom God delivered
into your hands at Dunbarre and whereof sundry were sent
hither, we have been desirous (as we could) to make their
yoke easy. Such as were sick of the scurvey or other
diseases have not wanted Physick and chyrugery. They have
not been sold for slaves to perpetual servitude. But for 6
or 7 or 8 yeares as we do our own." While their plight here
was pitiful it was not so disastrous as befell those who were
left behind in Durham half of whom died within a few months
of contagious deseases. In this country they were looked
upon as aliens and their Gaelic accent was scarcely
understandable.(1)
In 1651 Richard Leader, recently resigned from managing
the Saugus Iron Works, began with his brother George the
management of the mills on the Great Works River for John
Becx & Co. Leader brought with him his bond prisoners which
were bought for £20 to £30 each. Five years later Leader
sold out his interests and freed his servants many of whom
were granted land in Kittery. In Newichawannock between
Thompson's Brook (Shorey's) and the Great Works River James
was granted land 15 Aug. 1656. He received 50 acres with 48
poles (660') fronting Cow Cove where the "Pied Cow" dropped
anchor in 1634, now part of the South Berwick Vaughn Woods
Memorial.
James was the Commissioner for Kittery 5 July 1664.(2)
He was on the grand jury 28 Dec. 1665(3) and also 12 June
1666.(4) He was again on jury duty 19 Aug. 1668.(5) In 1670
Margaret and other Scots were admonished for using profane
language and in 1674 James was bound to good behavior and was
disiplined for abetting Richard Gibson.(6)
On 6 Oct. 1662 James bought of John Davis a parcel of
land "near the bridge" granted by the town of York in 1652
containing about 40 acres, but it is doubtful that he
occupied this purchase. He may have cultivated it and
harvested whatever crops he planted. James retained this
property for 40 years until it was bequeathed to his son
Gilbert.(7)
He signed a Kittery petition as a selectman 13 Apr.
1697.(8) He signed a Berwick petition again as a selectman 4
Sept. 1697(9) and another 20 May 1698 requesting £20 for the
maintenance of the ministry: "whereas the circumstance of the
parish of Barwick continues as bad as, or rather more
grievous than hitherto by reason of the not ceasing of the
wars & the extreme deadness in trading." They were granted
£15 for the maintenance of the ministry for the year
beginning Sept. 1698 on 2 Dec. 1698.(10) James then signed a
Berwick petition for a township as a Berwick selectman 26
July 1700.(11)
"In the name of god Amen: James warren Sinr of the
parish of Barwick in the town of Kittrey... Do make & ordain
this my last will & testement as foloweth being sick & week
of bodey but in good & perfect memory Viz...
1- I do give unto my son Gilbirt warren all yt tract of
land which I bought of John Davis liingy in ye town ship of
York to him & to his haires forever
2- I do give unto my son James warren all my other Lands
marshes medoes buldings of all sorts Liing in ye town shep of
Kettrey or elce whare to him & his haires for ever
3- I do Give to my Daughter Margrat Stagpole five Shiling
4- I do Give to by Daughter Grizel five Shilings-
5- I do Give to my Grandaughter Jane Grant five Shilings
6- I do Give to my Grandson James Stacpole- one hefer & one Ewe & a young fold-
7- I do Give unto Margrat waren my loveing wife all ye
rest of my of my Estate it being moveabels for her
Comfertabel mantainance and no legusi before mentioned to be
demanded til her decse
8- I do Constitute & Appoint My liveing wife Margrat & my
son James waren to bee Executrix and Executor to this my will
& testement made this ninth day of December one thousand
seven hundred as wittness my hand-
James X Waren
his mark-
witnesses
Robert: X : Gray
his mark
James: A : Stacpole
his mark
Nicolas Gowen
An Invatary of the Estate of James Warren Late of Kittrey
deceased
Imp: to his waring Cloathes.............................................. 03-00-00
to two Cows & two Hiffers of three years............ 12-00-00
to fourteen Sheep................................................................ 04-04-00
to Six Swine and Six piggs............................................... 05-08-00
to the Dwelling house and the barn:
and ye home Lot of Land.................................................. 80-00-00
to hundred Acres of Land and ten Acres of Marsh Lying
at whits Marsh....................................................................... 40-00-00
to two barrels & one hogshead................................ ( )
to one half bushel................................................................ 00-01-00
to two Brast Chaines and Apees and one Cleaver.. 00-16-00
to tooles and old Iron......................................................... 01-07-00
to Brass But Saw................................................................. 00-07-00
to one barrel Sider............................................................. 00-10-00
to Indian Corn....................................................................... 02-05-00
to A grind Stone................................................................... 00-05-00
( ) from Richard ( )................................................... 05-10-00
to two ( ) and two pichfork tynes................................... 00-03-00
to Linning yarn and wooling Cotton wool
and Sheep wool:................................................................. 04-10-00
to beding: and one feather bed bolster and pillowes. 08-00-00
to four sheets:....................................................................... 03-00-00
to new Cloath: Linning and woling.................................. 02-10-00
to one brass Kittel............................................................... 02-00-00
to Hachet............................................................................... 00-01-08
to forty Acres of Land by york bridg.............................. 30-00-00
to puter:................................................................................... 01-06-00
to Spoones: woodin Trayes A ( ).................................. 03-00
to one Iron Kittel one pott one fryen pan one skillet
one tramel A pare of pot Hoks....................................... 01-01-00
to one Hamer one trowel pare of fire tongs: and som old
Iron and A pare of pincers............................................... 00-06-00
to A Chamber pot and: eight pounds flax................... 00-05-06
to four bushels pase:six bushels barley and A Cooler 02-01-00
to A barel and: half of beef.............................................. 02-10-00
to A ( )............................................................................... 00-08-00
to money:.............................................................................. 11-16-04
to one bushel mault: one bushel Sault........................ 00-06-00
to two Chests....................................................................... 00-04-00
Aprised December:ye:15:1702
his
Peter O Grant
mark
William Goodin"(12)
"In The Name of God Amen. I Margret Warren of the town
of Kittrey.... doe make this my Last will and testament in
manner as followeth...
2ly I give and bequeath unto my Son Gilbird warren one Cow
and three Sheep.
3ly I give and bequeath to my daughter margret Stackpole my
great Brass Kittle and two Blankits and one Coverlid and ten
yeards of woling Cloath and my great wodden platter and one
pare of Sheets and all my waring Cloathes
4ly I give and bequeath into my Son James Warren my feather
bed and bolster and all the Rest of my Estat whatsoever
abroad or at home without dores or within
5ly I doe ordain and Appoint my Son James Warren the hole and
Soul Executor to this my Last will and testament revoaking
and Renounsing all other will heretofore by me made
In witness hereof I set to my hand and Seal this thirteen day
of december Anno Domni-one thousand seven hundred and twelve-
Signed Sealed and ( ) to be her Last will and testament
in the presence of
her
Margret X Warren
mark
his
Baker X Nason
mark
Joseph Wood
Thomas Curtis"(13)
Issue-